| A | B |
|---|
| Alleles | Alternative forms of a gene. |
| Chromosome | Long molecule of DNA. |
| Homologous | Pairs of chromosomes; one from each parent |
| Cross | Combining male and female genes. |
| Deletion | Type of mutation in which end of a chromosome breaks off. |
| Dominant | Gene which is always shown in th phenotype. |
| Enzymes | Genes control the synthesis or making of _____. |
| Epistasis | More than 2 alleles for a particular trait. |
| Frameshift | mutation caused by the insertion or deletion of 1 or more nucleotides in / from DNA . |
| Genes | Units of heredity. |
| Genetics | Study of what genes are and how they work. |
| Genotype | Genetic make-up (on the chromosome) or what the genes look like. |
| Heredity | Passing of traits from parents to children. |
| Homozygous | Alleles are both the same. |
| Hybrid | 1 gene is dominant and 1 gene is recessive in a gene pair. |
| Incomplete | Each genotype has its own phenotype. Sickle cell anemia and pink flowers are examples |
| Inversion | Type of mutation in which chromosome segment is turned 180 degrees. |
| Karyotype | A picture of all your chromosomes. |
| Mendel | Father of genetics. |
| Monohybrid | Cross that involves only 1 trait or characteristic. |
| Multiple | Blood types are an example of _____ alleles. |
| Mutation | Permanent change in genes. |
| Nondisjunction | Failure of chromosomes to separate properly; end up with too many or too few. |
| Phenotype | Physical or visible trait. |
| Pleiotropy | Single gene affects more than 1 trait. |
| Point | Change in a single DNA nucleotide produces a _____ mutation. |
| Polygenic | 2 or more pairs of alleles have an influence on a trait - _____ inheritance. |
| Polyploidy | Condition in which an organism may have 1 or more extra sets of chromosomes. |
| Punnett | Checkerboard which shows all possible ways genes could combine and the probability of obtaining a particular result in a cross- _____ square. |
| Recessive | Gene which only is seen if it is homozygous and is hidden when paired with a dominant gene. |
| Unique | Every kind of organism has a _____ or specific number of chromosomes. |
| Translocation | Part of 1 chromosome is attached to a different chromsome. |
| Xlinked | genes are only carried on the X chromosome. |
