| A | B |
|---|
| Neutral charge | any element with same electrons as protons |
| Isotopes | contain the same number of protons but different number of neutrons |
| ionic bond | strongest bond binds positive & negative ions together |
| covalent bond | middle strength bond |
| hydrogen bond | weakest bond |
| synthesis reaction | combining of 2 or more substances to form a more complex substance A+B=AB |
| exchange reaction | decompostion of 2 substances &synthesis of 2 new compounds AB+CD=AD+CB |
| synthesis reaction | anabolic-energy requred reaction |
| catabolic reaction | decomposition (digestion) |
| anabolism | simple molecules together to form complex molecules |
| organic molecules (living species) | have at least 1 carbon atom |
| water | the body's most abundant & important compound |
| stomach acid | has a pH between 1-2 |
| 7.4 | slightly basic or alkaline |
| acid | pH between 1-7 |
| base | pH between 7-14 |
| neutrality | pH of 7 |
| H+ | higher acid |
| OH- | higher base |
| phospholipid & cholestrol | 2 types of lipids that make up cell membrane |
| saturated fats | animal fats C-C |
| unsaturated fats | oils C=C will kink or bend because of double bons between carbon atoms |
| glucose | most common monosaccharide |
| sucrose & lactose | disaccharide |
| lactase breaks down lactose to become | glucose & galatose |
| monosaccharides | make more complex sugars |
| cholestrol | sex hormones common lipid |
| good cholesterol | HDL |
| bad cholestrol | LDL |
| worse cholestrol | VLDL |
| LDL | hi concentration for plaque in blood |
| prostaglandis | lipid that acts as tissue hormone |
| Prostaglandins | commonly call "tissue hormones" |
| proteins | provides: structure for the body, energy for the body & acts as a catalyst |
| DNA | double-helix shape molecule |
| essential amino acid | 8 that cannot be produced by the human body |
| nonessential amino acids | 12 amino acids that can be produced from molecules available in the human body |
| human body composition | 96% carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen |
| Vitamin D | increases calcium uptake |
| nitrogen (macromolecule) | found in proteins but not carbs or fats |
| peptide | links amino acids together |
