| A | B |
|---|
| Parts of urinary system | bladder, kidneys, ureter, urethra |
| 150 mL | avg. urge to void bladder |
| 2000 -3000 mL/ day | amount adults should drink |
| 1,500 mL/day | amount adults eliminate each day |
| Ways liquid waste is eliminated | perspiration, respiration, bowel movements |
| functional incontinence | physically unable to get to the toilet |
| stress incontinence | weak muscles, incontinence caused by laughing, sneezing, coughing |
| urge incontinence | often caused by urinary tract infections, when they feel the urge the need is immediate |
| enlarged prostate | elderly males, causes dribbling of urine, inability to urinate |
| urinary tract infections | common in women because urethra is short |
| signs of UT | pain or burning when urinating, going frequently in small amounts, feeling like the bladder will not empty, odor, cloudy or blood in urine |
| sepsis | systemic infection, serious sometimes fatal caused by bacteria |
| signs of fecal impaction | passing flatus, loss of appetite, passing watery stools |
| inadequate fluid intake | negatively affects bowel elimination |
| overflow incontinence | when the bladder is too full |
| urinary incontinence | unable to control the passage of urine from the bladder |
| Sims' position | side lying positon used for giving enemas and other rectal treatments |
| enema | introduction of fluid into the lower bowel to cleanse the anus, rectum and lower colon |
| cleansing enema | water based, softens stool, stimulates peristalsis |
| retention enema | given for constipation or fecal impaction, oil-based lubricates |
| ostomy | surgically created opening into the body |
| colostomy | located between colon and abdomen, when first performed stool will be loose and watery but will later become soft and formed |
| catheter | hollow tube inserted into the bladder to drain urine - NEVER used for convenience due to risk of infection - ONLY used when medically necessary |
