| A | B |
|---|
| patricians | Member of an aristocratic family |
| Punic Wars | Conflict between Carthage and Rome |
| consuls | One of two chief executives of the Roman Republic |
| republic | Type of government in which elected officials govern the state |
| Senate | Acted as advisors, controlled public finances, and handled foreign relations |
| tribune | Official who was elected by, and responsible for, protecting plebeians |
| Palatine | Hill on which Rome’s wealthiest citizens lived |
| plebeians | Common people |
| dictator | Ruler with nearly unlimited power |
| Forum | Public square where the Senate met |
| constitution | a political structure |
| triumvirate | a ruling body of three members |
| Pax Romana | (27 BC-AD 180) a stable period of peace in the Roman Empire lasting from the beginning of Augustus’s reign until the death of Marcus Aurelius |
| Gaius Marius | eliminated property restrictions allowing poor people to acquire plunder and land at the end of a war |
| murder of Julius Caesar in 44 BC | an attempt to save the republic |
| Augustus | expanded the borders of the empire, created a police force in Rome, presided over religious reforms, and undertook a vast building program |
| any citizen | had the power to appeal unfair treatment directly to the emperor |
