| A | B |
|---|
| Adaptation | The feature of life that describes the ability of organisms(life) to adjust to their surroundings. This explains how giraffes have long necks and how racoons can see in the dark. |
| Homeostasis | The regulation of an organism's internal environment/temperature in order for it to maintain conditions that allow it to live. Controls in an organism work constantly to bring it back to normal after it has been stimulated. |
| Life Span | The length of time an organism is expected to live. |
| Development | All the changes an organism undergoes as it grows during its life span. |
| Sun | The main spurce of energy for all life because of the role it plays in photosynthesis. |
| Reproduction | The feature of life that enables life go on and start the life span anew. It can occur asexually or sexually. |
| Stimulus | Anything that an organism responds to that brings about a reaction or response. Your alarm clock going off and making noise is an example while you hitting your clock is the response. |
| Organisms | All living things can be called this word. Bacteria, algae, trees, clams, mushrooms, and humans are examples. |
| Response | The reaction of an organism to a stimulus. You hitting your alarm clock(the stimulus) is an example of this word. |
| Features of Life | The characteristics that define life. All living organisms have certain characteristics that non-living things do not. Life span, development, reproduction, and adaptation are all examples of these characteristics. |
| Spontaneous Generation | The theory that living things come from non-living matter. This was what people believed for thousands of years before the mid-1800s. |
| Biogenesis | The theory that living things only come from other living things. |
| Cells | The basic Unit of Life. Thgey are the smallest units that carry on the features of life, and all organisms are made of one or more. |
| Virus | A non-living particle consisting of a core of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coat. A "microscopic zombie". |
| Host Cell | A virus must be inside of this in order to reproduce. |
| Vaccine | A way to prevent viral diseases, it is made from damaged virus particles. |
| Cell Membrane | A structure that forms the outer boundary of the cell. It is selectively permeable and the outermost layer of animal cells. |
| Nucleus | A structure that directs all the activities of the cell. The cell's brain. |
| Chromatin | This holds the cell's DNA and is the genetic blueprint for the cell's operations. |
| Organelles | Structures/Organs within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. |
| Eukaryotic | Cells that have a nucleus. The fungus, animal, protist, and plant kingdoms. |
| Prokaryotic | Cells that DO NOT have a nucleus. Only the eubacteria and archaebacteria kingdoms. |
| Golgi Bodies | The Bouncers of the cell. They package and secrete proteins to move things in/out of cell membrane. |
| ER-Endoplasmic Reticulum | The highway of the cell it transport materials within the cytoplasm. |
| Cytoplasm | The jello-like material inside cells. |
| Mitochondria | The organelle where respiration occurs in all cells. |
| Lysosomes | The waste and digestive center of the cell. The cell's toilet. |
| Cell Wall | A rigid structure outside the cell membrane that supports and protects plant cells. |
| Chloroplasts | The organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs. |
| Chlorophyll | The green chemical in chloroplasts that catches sunlight. |
| Tissues | Groups of similar cells that do the same sort of work. |
| Organs | Different types of tissues that work together to do a particular job. |
| Atom | Smallest unit of matter on Earth. |
| Elements | If atoms were ice cream, these would be the flavors. |
| Ions | Positively or Negatively charged atoms. |
| Compounds | Atoms bond together to make these. Also known as molecules. There are organic and inorganic. Organic are carbon-based and the 4 types make life. |
| Carbohydrates | One type of organic compounds. They are sugars and starches. |
| Lipids | One type of organic compound. They are fats and oils. |
| Proteins | One type of organic compound. They are enzymes and hold messages from the DNA. Meats and cheeses and beans have lots of these. |
| Nucleic Acids | One type of organic compound. DNA and RNA. |
| Diffusion | The net movement of particles from an area where there are many to an area where there are few. Like the way the smell of bacon spreads from the kitchen to all over your house. |
| Equilibrium | When molecules/compounds are spread out evenly througout a space. This is the result of diffusion. |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water. |
| Active Transport | Cell transport in/out of cell membrane that requires energy and help from the Golgi Bodies. |
| Passive Transport | Cell transport in/out of cell that requires NO energy. |
| Producers | Organisms like plants that make their own food from photosynthesis. |
| Consumers | Organisms like animals that cannot make their own food so need to eat producers directly or indirectly through the food chain.q |
| Photosynthesis | Happens in plant cells in the chloroplast. It uses sunlight, carbon dioxide & water to make oxygen and glucose (sugar). |
| Respiration | This process occurs in the Mitochondria of ALL cells. It makes energy (and water and carbon dioxide too) by using oxygen and glucose.. |
| Glucose | A sugar produced in photosynthesis it is the FUEL for all living organisms. |
| Metabolism | The total of all chemical activities of an organism. |
| The six Kingdoms | Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protists, |
| Fermentation | A form of respiration that occurs when cell's cannot get enough oxygen. This process produces lactic acid and alcohol as by-products. |
| Taxonomy | The science of classifying and naming organisms. |
| Binomial System | The system we use now to name organisms, it uses TWO (Bi) names. |
| Carolus Linnaeus | Swedish guy who invented binomial naming system. |
