| A | B |
|---|
| acute angle | an angle with a measure less than 90 degrees |
| acute triangle | a triangle with three acute angles |
| algebra | performing operations with expressions containing a variable |
| angle | two rays with a common endpoint (vertex) |
| area | number of square units needed to cover a region |
| array | an arrangement of objects or numbers in rows and columns |
| associative property | grouping of addends or factors does not change the sum or product |
| average (mean) | the sum of the addends divided by the number of addends |
| axis | either the horizontal line (x) or the vertical line (y) that form the base lines of a graph |
| bar graph | a graph with bars of different lengths |
| base (geometry) | a face on which a space figure rests |
| base (arithmetic) | the number that is multiplied by itself when raised to a power |
| capacity | the amount a container can hold |
| center | the point from which all points on a circle are equally distant |
| centimeter | a metric unit of length about the length of your fingernail |
| cm | centimeter |
| chord | a line segment with both endpoints on the circle |
| circle | a closed plane figure with all points the same distance from the center |
| circle graph | a graph that shows how a total amount has been divided into parts |
| circumference | the distance around a circle |
| clustering | an estimation method used when numbers are close to the same number |
| common factor | a number that is a factor of two or more given numbers |
| common multiple | a number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers |
| commutative property | the order of the addends or factors does not change the sum or product |
| compatible numbers | numbers that are easy to compute mentally |
| compensation | a mental math method in which numbers are adjusted up or down to make addition and subtraction easier |
| composite number | a whole number greater than one that has more than two factors |
| cone | a space figure with one circular base and one vertex |
| congruent figures | figures that have the same size and shape |
| coordinates | numbers used to locate a point on a line, on a surface, or in space |
| cube | a space figure with six congruent square faces |
| cubic unit | unit used to measure volume |
| customary system | a system of weights and measures that measures length in inches, feet, yards, and miles; capacity in cups, pints, quarts, and gallons; weight in ounces, pounds, and tons; and temperature in degrees Fahrenheit |
| cylinder | a space figure with two parallel circular bases |
| data | information, often numerical, that describes some situation |
| decimal | a number with one or more digits to the right of a decimal point |
| degree | a unit for measuring angles |
| degree Celsius | a unit for measuring temperature in the metric system |
| degree Fahrenheit | a unit for measuring temperature in the customary system |
| denominator | the number below the fraction bar in a fraction |
| diagonal | a line segment that joins two vertices of a polygon but is not a side |
| diameter | a line segment that passes through the center of a circle and has both endpoints on the circle |
| difference | the answer for subtraction |
| digit | any of the symbols used to write numbers |
| distributive property | multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and adding the products |
| dividend | the number to be divided |
| divisible | a number is divisible by anothe number if the remainder is 0 after dividing |
| divisor | the number used to divide another number |
| double bar graph | a graph that uses pairs of bars to compare information |
| edge | a line segment that is the intersection of two faces of a space figure |
| elapsed time | an amount of time that has passed |
| endpoint | a point at the end of a line segment or ray |
| equally likely outcomes | outcomes that have the same chance of occurring |
| equation | a number sentence with an equal sign |
| equilateral triangle | a triangle with all sides and angles equal |
| equivalent fractions | fractions that have the same number |
| equivalent ratios | ratios that represent the same rate or make the same comparison |
| estimate | an approximate rather than an exact answer |
| expanded form | a number written as the sum of the values of its digits |
| exponent | a number that tells how many times the base is used as a factor |
| expression | a mathematical phrase made up of a variable or combination of variables and/or numbers and operations |
| face | a flat surface of a space figure |
| factor tree | a diagram used to show the prime factors of a number |
| factors | the numbers that are multiplied to give a product |
| fair game | a game in which all players have the same chance of winning |
| flip (reflection) | a change on position that produces a mirror image of a figure |
| formula | an equation that states a rule |
| fraction | a number that names part of a whole |
| frequency table | a table used to record and summarize the number of times something occurs |
| front digit | the digit in the place with the greatest value, used in front-end estimation |
| front-end estimation | a method of estimating sums, differences, products, and quotients using front digits |
| gram | the basic unit of mass in the metric system |
| g | gram |
| graph | a drawing used to show numerical information |
| greatest common factor (GCF) | the greatest number that is a factor of each of two or more numbers |
| grouping property | associative property |
| height (geometric figure) | the length of a perpendicular segment drawn from a vertex to a base |
| hexagon | a polygon with six sides |
| identity property of addition | the sum of any number and zero is that number |
| identity property of multiplication | the product of any number and one is that number |
| improper fraction | a fraction in which the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator |
| integer | the numbers ... -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3 ... |
| intersecting lines | lines that have exactly one point in common |
| interval | the distance between points on the scale of a graph |
| inverse operations | two operations that have the opposite effect |
| isoceles triangle | a triangle with two congruent sides |
| kilogram | a unit of mass in the metric system equal to 1,000 grams |
| kg | kilogram |
| kilometer | a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1,000 meters |
| km | kilometer |
| least common denominator (LCD) | the least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions |
| least common multiple(LCM) | the least number, other than zero, that is a multiple of each of two or more numbers |
| line | an endless collection of points along a straight path, has no endpoints |
| line graph | a graph used to show changes over a period of time |
| line of symmetry | a line that divides a figure, when folded along the lines into two congruent parts |
| line plot | a graphing method that shows each item of data on a number line |
| line segment | a part of a line having two endpoints |
| logical reasoning | using logic to answer a question |
| lowest terms | a fraction is in lowest terms if the greatest common factor of the numerator and the denominator |
| mass | the amount of matter an object contains that causes it to have weight |
| mean | the average of the numbers in a set of data |
| median | the middle number or average of the two middle numbers ina collection of data when the data are arranged in order |
| memory key | a calculator key that stores a product in the memory |
| mental math | performing a computation without the use of paper and pencil or a calculator |
| meter | the basic unit of length in the metric system |
| m | meter |
| metric system | a system of weights and measures that is based on the decimal system |
| mixed number | a number that is written as a whole number and a fraction |
| mode | the number or numbers that occur most often in a set of data |
| multiple | the product of a whole number and any other whole number |
| multiplication | an operation on two or more factors to find a product |
| negative number | a number whose value is less than zero |
| number line | a line that shows numbers in order |
| number sentence | an equation written in horizontal form |
| numerator | the number above the fraction bar in a fraction |
| obtuse angle | an angle with a measure greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees |
| obtuse triangle | a triangle with one obtuse angle |
| octagon | a polygon with eight sides |
| optical illusion | a misleading visual image |
| order of operations | the order in which operations are done in calculations, work inside the parentheses is done first, multiplication and division are done from left to right, addition and subtraction are done from left to right |
| ordered pair | a pair of numbers often used to locate a point in a plane |
| outcome | a result in a probability statement |
| parallel lines | linesd in the same plane that never intersect |
| parallelogram | a quadrilateral with each pair of opposite sides parallel and congruent |
| partial prooduct | when multiplying two 2-digit numbers, the product after multiplying by ones or the product after multiplying by tens |
| pentagon | a polygon with five sides |
| percent | a ratio whose second term is 100 |
| percent | parts per hundred |
| perimeter | the distance around a polygon |
| perpendicular lines | two lines that intersect at right angles |
| pictograph | a graph that represents numerical data using pictures |
| place value | the value determined by the position of a digit in a number |
| point | an exact location in space |
| polygon | a closed plane figure with line segments as sides |
| prime factoization | writing a number as the product of prime factors |
| prime number | a whole number greater than 1 with only two factors - itself and 1 |
| prism | a space figure with two parallel and congruent bases that are polygons |
| probability | the ratio of the number of favorable outcomes to all outcomes in an experiment |
| product | the answer in multiplication |
| proper fraction | a fraction in which the numerator is less than the denominator |
| protractor | an instrument used to measure or draw angles |
| pyramid | a space figure whose base is a polygon and whose faces are triangles with a common vertex |
| quadrilateral | a polygon with four sides |
| quotient | the answer in division |
| radius | a line segment with one endpoint on the circle and the other endpoint at the center |
| range | the difference between the greatest and least numbers in a set of data |
| ratio | a comparison of two quantities |
| ray | a part of a line that has one endpoint and goes on and on in one direction |
| rectangle | a parallelogram with four right angles |
| rectangular prism | a space figure whose faces are all rectangles |
| regular polygon | a polygon with all sides congruent and all angles congruent |
| remainder | the number that is left over after dividing |
| rhombus | a parallelogram with all sides congruent |
| right angle | an angle that measures 90 degrees |
| right triangle | a triangle with one right angle |
| Roman numerals | a numeration system using the symbols I, V, X, C, D, and M |
| round | replacing a number by expressing it to the nearest ten, hundred, thousand, and so on |
| scale | the ratio of the measurements in a drawing, or model, to the measurements of the actual objects |
| scalene triangle | a triangle that has no congruent sides |
| sequence | a list of numbers that often follow a rule or a pattern |
| set | any collection of things |
| short division | a method of dividing in which the multiplication and subtraction are performed mentally |
| similar figures | figures that have the same shape but not necessarily the same size |
| simplest form | a fraction is in simplesthe greatest common factor of the numerator and denominator is 1 |
| simulation | representing the conditions of a problem using models, drawings, or a computer rather than actual objects or events |
| slide (translation) | a change in position that moves a figure up, down, or over |
| space figure | a geometric figure whose points are in more than one plane |
| sphere | a space figure with all points an equal distance from the center |
| spreadsheet | data arranged in rows and columns |
| square | a rectangle with all sides congruent |
| square number | a whole number that is the product of 2 equal whole numbers |
| square unit | a unit used to measure area |
| standard form | a number written with commas separating groups of three digits |
| straight angle | an angle that measures 180 degrees |
| sum | the answer in addition |
| surface area | the sum of the areas of all the faces of a space figure |
| survey | to collect data to analyze some characteristics of a group |
| symmetry | a figure can be folded along a line so that the two resulting parts match exactly |
| tessellation | an arrangement of congruent figures in a plane in such a way that no figures overlap and there are no gaps |
| transformation | the turning, sliding, or flipping of a plane figure |
| trapezoid | a quadrilateral with only one pair of opposite sides parallel |
| tree diagram | a diagram used to organize outcomes of an experiment |
| triangle | a polygon with three sides |
| triangular prism | a prism whose bases are triangles |
| turn (rotation) | a change in position that rotates a figure around a point |
| unfair game | a game in which not all players have an equal chance of winning |
| unit price | the rate: price per unit of measure |
| variable | a letter, such as n, that stands for a number in an expression or equation |
| Venn diagram | uses overlapping circles to show the relationships between groups of objects |
| vertex | the point of intersection of two sides of a polygon |
| vertex | the point of intersection of three edges of a space figure |
| volume | the number of cubic units that fit inside a space figure |
| whole numbers | the numbers in the set (0, 1, 2, 3, ...) |
| zero property of multiplication | the product of any number and 0 is 0 |
| trapezoid | to catch a zoid |
| speadsheet | to make your bed |
| Roman numerals | wandering digits |
| proper fraction | a fraction with good manners |
| polygon | when your parrot disappears |
| acute angle | baby angle |
| gram | not grandpa |
| expanded form | your shape when you eat to much |
| exponent | a former ponent |
| dividend | when there's no more divid |
