| A | B |
|---|
| Active Transport | The movement of a substance across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient; requires the cell to expend energy |
| Carrier Proteins | A protein that transports specefic substances across a biological membrane |
| Concentration Gradient | The difference in concentrations of a substance across space |
| Hypotonic Environment | will cause the swelling or bursting of a cell |
| Diffusion | the process by which molecules move from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration |
| Equilibrium | A state that exist when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space |
| Facilitated Diffusion | A process in which substances move down their concentraion gradient across the cell membrance with the assistance of carrior proteins |
| Hypertonic | Describing a solution whose solute concentration is higher than that inside a cell |
| Hypotonic | describing a solution whose solute concentration is lower than that inside a cell |
| Isotonic | Describing a solution whose solute concentration equals that inside a cell |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane |
| Passive Transport | The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of cell energy |
| Hypertonic Environment | the cell will shrink or wilt |
| Protein Pump | A carrier protein that actively transports materials into or out of the cells |
