| A | B |
|---|
| virus | A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell |
| host | An organism that provides a source of energy or a stable environment for a virus or other organism to live |
| parasite | An organism that lives on or in a host and causes harm to the host |
| bacteriophage | A virus that infects bacteria |
| bacteria | Prokaryote, small unicellular organism that lack a nucleus |
| cytoplasm | Gel-like substance found inside a cell that contains the cell’s organelles |
| ribosome | Site of protein synthesis; organelle that makes proteins, small non membrane covered organelle that is found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
| flagellum | A long whip like structure that enables a bacterial cell to move |
| respiration | Process of breaking down food to release energy |
| asexual reproduction | Reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent |
| sexual reproduction | Reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a genetically unique offspring |
| conjugation | Process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism |
| endospore | A small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell |
| binary fission | Process of cell division that produces two cells from one cell; asexual reproduction- one parent- offspring are identical to parent |
| pasteurization | Process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of food |
| decomposer | An organism that breaks down chemicals from dead organisms and returns important materials to the soil and water |
| infectious disease | An illness that can pass from one organism to another |
| toxin | A poisonous substance that can harm an organism |
| antibiotic | A substance or chemical that can kill bacteria without harming a person’s cells |
| antibiotic resistance | The ability of bacteria to withstand the effects of an antibiotic |
| vaccine | A substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific disease-causing viruses and microorganisms |
