| A | B |
|---|
| semi-Fowler | head of bed is raised to 30 degrees |
| trendelenberg | entire bed tilted with head down |
| bed position that promotes postural drainage or venous return | trendelenberg |
| bed position that promotes lung expansion | semi-Fowler |
| Fowlers | bed is raised 45 degrees or more to semi-sitting |
| bed position during eating or nasal suctioning | Fowlers |
| supine | lying on BACK- 3 pillows (1 under head, 2 under each arm) |
| prone | lying face down- 3 pillows (1 under head, hips, & ankles) |
| right lateral recumbent | lying on RIGHT SIDE - 3 pillows (1 under head, 1 between legs, 1 supporting arm) |
| left lateral recumbent | lying on leftside |
| passive exercises | carried out by nurse without assistance from the patient |
| active assistive exercises | performed by patient WITH ASSISTANCE from nurse |
| active exercises | performed by patient WITHOUT ASSISTANCE from therapist |
| resistive exercises | performed by patient by pulling or pushing AGAINST A FORCE |
| isometric exercises | performed by patient by contracting and relaxing muscles while keeping part in fixed position |
| This exercise will NOT preserve muscle mass | passive exercise |
| This exercise will encourage normal muscle function | active assistive exercise |
| This exercise will increase muscle strength | active exercise |
| This exercise will maintain muscle strength when a joint is immobilized | isometric |
| stage I ulcer | skin is intact but may be discolored & warm |
| stage II ulcer | damage to epidermis and dermis; appears as abrasion or blister |
| stage III ulcer | damage to subcutaneous tissues; appears as deep crater |
| stage IV ulcer | extensive destruction of tissue with damage to muscle and bone |
| extension | STRAIGHTENING a body part |
| rotation | moving a body part around its own axis / turning the head from side to side |
| flexion | BENDING a body part |
| hyperextension | EXCESSIVE straightening a body part |
| dorsiflexion | Bending BACKWARD (a foot toward the knee) |
| plantar flexion | Bending FORWARD (toes away from the knee) |
