| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | 3 letter abbreviation for Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
| RNA | 3 letter abbreviation for Ribonucleic Acid |
| Double Helix | The double spiral shape of DNA proposed by Watson and Crick |
| Nucleotides | the subunit of DNA or RNA |
| Polymers | complex molecules composed of repeating subunits (like DNA or RNA) |
| Deoxyribose, Nitrogen Base, Phosphate Group | the parts of a nucleotide of DNA |
| Ribose, Nitrogen Base, Phosphate group | the parts of a nucleotide of RNA |
| Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine | the nitrogen bases of DNA |
| Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Uracil | the nitrogen bases of RNA |
| store and transmit genetic information | the primary function of DNA |
| act as a messenger between DNA and ribosome to make proteins | the primary function of RNA |
| weak hydrogen bonds | the bond between a nitrogen base that holds DNA strands together |
| chromosome | a coiled, double rod shaped form of condensed DNA that forms during cell division |
| centromere | holds 2 chromatids together |
| gene | segment of DNA (on a chromosome) that codes for a trait |
| chromatid | identical copies - half a chromosome |
| 46 | the number of chromosomes in humans |
| 23 | the number of pairs of chromosomes in humans |
| replication | the process of copying DNA before a cell divides |
| transcription | the process of used by RNA to copy a DNA sequence (the RNA copy is a complementary strain to the original DNA strand) |
| translation | the assembling of protein molecules from information encoded in mRNA |
| protein synthesis | DNA controls cell functions by the process of _________ |
