| A | B |
|---|
| policies of Bismark | Blood & iron; unification through war |
| nationalism | pride in one's country |
| Benefits of nationalism | unity, pride, self-rule |
| Negatives of nationalism | exclusion of others |
| Congress of Vienna | leaders redrew the map of Europe to keep the peace & maintain balance of power |
| Zionism | goal is to have a Jewish homeland in Palestine |
| Theodor Herzl | leader of Zionist movement |
| Nation-state | defends the nation's territory & way of life & represents the nation to the rest of the world |
| liberal | mostly middle class people who want to give more power to elected officials |
| conservative | mostly rich property owners who want to preserve the nobility |
| radical | people who favor drastic change to extend democracy, liberty, equality & brotherhood |
| leaders of Italian unification | Cavour & Garibaldi |
| Russian unity to the exclusion of the Jews | Russification |
| Impact of geography on Austria-Hungry, Russia, Ottomans | nearness to ports on bodies of water increase trade & movement of troops |
| Process of German Unification | "blood & iron" policy of bismark; went to war to gain territory from neighbors |
| diaspora | global dispersal (scattering) of jews around the world |
| Blood & Iron | Bismark emphasized heavy production, war and militarism; created a well-equipped, well-disciplined army and was ready to pursue an aggressive foreign policy |
| How did unity of Italy help them? | Italians did not want to live under foreign rule. A strong united country protected against aggressive neighbors |
| Cavour | fought against Austria, kicked it out of northern Italy & then united northern Italy |
| Garibaldi | captured Sciliy, conquered the southern states & agreed to unite them with North italy under king Victor Emmanuel II |
| Catholic Church & united Italy | the pope lost control of Rome & the Papal States when they united with the rest of Italy; Rome became the capital, but the Church continued to control vatican City. |
| Break-up of the Austrian-Hungary Empire | a result of nationalism as self-ruling states formed based on similar cultural, ethnic or religious values |
| What nation-states may share in common | language, territory, religion, culture, nationality |
