| A | B |
|---|
| development | change or growth that occurs in children |
| infant | children from birth to age one |
| toddler | children from age one to age three |
| preschooler | children from three to six years old |
| physical development | physical body changes |
| gross-motor development | improvement of skills using large muscles in arms and legs |
| fine-motor development | involves the small muscles in the hands and fingers |
| social-emotional development | learning to relate to others and express feelings |
| cognitive development | intellectual (thinking) growth |
| cephalocaudal principle | children gain muscle control from head downward |
| proximodistal principle | children gain muscle control from center of body outward |
| maturation | the sequence of biological changes in children |
| neurons | specialized nerve cells |
| synapses | links or connections between neurons |
| windows of opportunity | a specific span of time for normal development |
| theory | an idea that is preposed, researched, and generally accepted as an explanation |
| schemata | mental representations or concepts |
| sensorimotor stage | Piaget's stage between birth and two years old |
| preoperational stage | Piaget's stage between age two and seven |
| concrete operations stage | Piaget's stage between ages seven to eleven |
| multiple intelligences | Howard Gardner's theory that people have different ways to learn |
| private speech | self-talk |
