| A | B |
|---|
| prokaryotes | unicellular organisms lacking a nucleus |
| bacillus | rod-shaped prokaryotes |
| coccus | spherical prokaryotes |
| spirillum | spiral or corkscrew-shaped prokaryotes |
| binary fission | type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicate its DNA and divides in half, produce two identical daughter cells |
| conjugation | form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes |
| endospore | type of spore formed when a bacterium produced a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm |
| virus | partical made up of nucleic acid,protein, and in some case lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells |
| capsid | outer protein coat of a virus |
| bacteriophage | virus that infects bacteria |
| lytic cycle (infection) | process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst |
| prophage | first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the the chromosomes becomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus |
| retrovirus | virus that contains RNA as its genetic information |
| pathogen | disease-causing agent |
| vaccine | a preparation of weakended or killed pathogens |
| antibiotic | compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria |
| lysogenic cycle (infection) | process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA |
