| A | B |
|---|
| chemical change | a change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter |
| physical change | a change during which some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change |
| chemical property | the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change |
| physical property | a quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's composition |
| gas | a form of matter that takes the shape or volume of the container -- has no definite shape or volume |
| vapor | describes the gaseous state of a substance that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature |
| liquid | a form of matter that flows, has a fixed volume, and an undefinite shape |
| solid | a form of matter that has a definite shape and volume |
| phase | any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties |
| mixture | a physical blend of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| homogenous mixture | a mixture that is uniform in composition -- components are evenly distributed and not easily distinguished |
| heterogenous mixture | a mixture that is not uniform in composition - components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture |
| product | a substance produced in a chemical reaction |
| reactant | a substance present at the start of a reaction |
| intensive property | a property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount |
| extensive property | a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample |
| substance | matter that has a uniform and definite composition, either an element or a compound; also called a pure substance |
| compound | a substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion |
| element | the simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties; an element cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means |
| solution | a homogenous mixture that consists of solutes disolved in a solvent |
| precipitate | a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture |
| distillation | a process used to separate disolved solids from a liquid which is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a liquid |
| filtration | a process that separates a solid from a liquid in a heterogenous mixture |
| chemical reaction | a change in which one or more reactants change into one or more products, characterized by the breakign down of bonds in reactants and the formation of bonds in products |
| chemical symbol | a one or two letter representation of an element |
| law of conservation of mass | in any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is conserved; mass can be neither created nor destroyed |
