| A | B |
|---|
| Apprentice | beginner who learns a trade or craft from a master |
| Joint-stock company | business in which investors pool their wealth in order to make a profit |
| Charter | written govermental contract giving the holder the right to establish a colony |
| Treaty of Paris | 1763 treaty that ended the French and Indian War; Britain gave up all of N. America east of the Mississippi River |
| Jamestown | first permanent English settlement in N. America |
| Proclamation of 1763 | order which Britain prohibited American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains |
| Salutary neglect | hands-off policy of England towards American colonies during the first half of the 1700s |
| French and Indian War | conflict in N. America (1754-1763) during which Britain defeated France and gained French Canada |
| Battle of Quebec | battle won by the British over the French; turning point in the French and Indian War |
| English Bill of Rights | agreement signed by William & Mary to respect the rights of English citizens and of Parliament, including the right to free elections. |
| Enlightenment | 18th-century movement that emphasizes the use of reason & the scientific method to obtain knowledge |
| Benjamin Franklin | famous American Enlightenment inventor who proved that lightning was a form of electricity. |
| Magna Carta | “Great Charter”- a document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, approved by King John in 1215. |
| Parliament | England’s chief law-making body |
| Indentured servant | person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America. |
| Archeologist | scientist who studies the human past by examining the things people left behind. |
| Migrated | moved |
| Domestication | practice of breeding plants or taming animals to meet human needs |
| Culture | way of life shared by people with similar arts, beliefs, and customs |
| Irrigation | practice of bringing water to crops |
| Ghana | west African empire |
| Muslims | followers of the religion of Islam |
| Mali | west African kingdom that had taken over most of Ghana’s territory. |
| Pilgrimage | trip to a holy place |
| Devout | very religious |
| Benin | kingdom famous for its art. Located in the delta of the Niger River |
| Artifacts | tools and other objects that humans made |
