| A | B |
|---|
| Psychology | the scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
| basic research | adds to the knowledge base |
| applied research | has a purpose in mind |
| theory | a general principle that explains a group of phenomenon |
| hypothesis | a testable prediction; If...Then |
| critical thinking | questions assumptions; requires skepticism and humility |
| parsimonious explanations | the easiest explanation is usually right |
| hindsight bias | feel as though you would have predicted the answer after you learn it |
| confirmation bias | only seek info. that proves our theory right |
| survey | ask Ss about feelings, opinions, behaviors |
| wording effects | the question should be worded objectively |
| correlation | a type of study in which two variable relate/predict each other |
| naturalistic observation | observing people or animals in their natural environment |
| interview | questioning one subject |
| case study | lengthy info. gathered about a person's background |
| experiment | only way to determine cause and effect |
| population | everyone with shared characteristics |
| subject selection | should be random and representative |
| independent variable | what you are testing |
| dependent variable | the outcome |
| experimental group | receives IV |
| control group | receives placebo; for comparison |
| placebo | a false condition |
| subject assignment | randomly putting Ss in EG or CG |
| statistical significance | see if the results are big enough between the two groups |
| replication | do the experiment again |
| confounding variables | anything not equal between EG and CG except IV |
