| A | B |
|---|
| chemical bond | a mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together |
| ionic bonding | chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between large #'s of cations and anions |
| covalent bonding | results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atomss |
| nonpolar convalent bond | covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge |
| polar | uneven distribution of charge |
| polar covalent bond | covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the chared electrons |
| molecule | a neutral group of atoms that r held together by cov bonds |
| molecular compound | chemical compound whose simplest units r molecules |
| chemical formula | indicates the relative #'s of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts |
| molecular formula | shows the types and #'s of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound |
| diatomic molecule | a molecule containing two atoms |
| bond length | the distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy(the average dist. between two bonded atoms) |
| bond energy | the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms |
| double bond | cov. bond provided by the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms |
| single bond | a cov. bond produced by sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms |
| triple bond | cov. bond produced by the sharing of 3 pairs of electrons between two atoms |
| multiple bonds | double and triple bonds |
| resonance | refers to the bonding in molecules or ions that can't be correctly represented by a single lewis structure |
| ionic compound | composed of + and - ions that are combined so that the #'s of + and- charges r = |
| formula unit | the simplest collection of atoms from which one ionic compound formula can be established |
| polyatomic ion | group of covalently bonded atoms |
| structural formula | indicates the kind, #, arrangement, and bonds but not the unshared pairs of the atoms in a molecule |
| metallic bonding | the chemical bonding that results from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons |
| intermolecular forces | the attraction between molecules |
| dipole | created by = but opposite charges that r seperated by a short distance |
| dipole dipole forces | the forces of att. between polar molecules |
| hydrogen bonding | the intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that's bonded to a highly electronegative atom is attracted to an unshared pair of electrons of an electronegative atom in a nearby molecule |
| london dispersion forces | the intermolecular attractions resulting from the constant motion of eleactrons and the creation of instantaneous dipoles |
