| A | B |
|---|
| anorexia nervosa | a disorder characterized by a prolonged refusal to eat, resulting in emaciation, amenorrhea, emotional disturbance concerning body image, and fear of becoming obese. |
| body mass index (BMI) | a clinical index of obesity or altered body fat distribution using weight / height ratios. |
| bulimia nervosa | an eating disorder characterized by frequent binge eating and self-induced vomiting associated with loss of control over eating and a persistent concern with body image. |
| central parenteral nutrition | delivery of a nutritionally adequate hypertonic solution consisting of glucose, crystalline amino acids, fat emulsion, minerals, and vitamins using a central venous route. |
| impaired fasting glucose | an intermediate stage between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes where the fasting blood glucose level is greater than 110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol / L), but less than 126 mg / dl (7.0 mmol / L). |
| insulin resistance | a condition in which body tissues do not respond to the action of insulin. |
| intensive insulin therapy | multiple daily insulin injections together with frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose; alternative to insulin pump for tight glucose control. |
| jejunum | the section of the small intestine that comprises the first two fifths beyond the duodenum and that is larger, thicker-walled, and more vascular and has more circular folds and fewer Peyer's patches than the ileum |
| kwashiorkor | a type of protein-calorie malnutrition caused by a deficiency of protein intake that is superimposed on a catabolic stress event, such as a GI obstruction, a surgical procedure, cancer, a malabsorption syndrome, or an infectious disease. |
| malabsorption syndrome | a complex of symptoms resulting from disorders in the intestinal absorption ol nutrients, charactenzed by anorexia, weight loss, abdominal bloating, muscle cramps, bone pain, and steatorrhea. |
| malnutrition | an excess, deficit, or imbalance in the essential components of a balanced diet. |
| marasmus | a type of protein-calorie malnutrition resulting from a concomitant deficiency of both caloric and protein intake leading to generalized loss of body fat and muscle. |
| parenteral nutrition (PN) | the administration of nutrients by a route (e.g., bloodstream) other than the GI tract. |
| peripheral parenteral nutrition | nutrients administered through a peripherally inserted catheter or vascular access device which uses a large peripheral vein. |
| protein-calorie malnutrition (PCN) | the most common form of undernutrition; caused by a lack of adequate calories and proteins to meet the body's needs. |
| tube feeding | the administration of a nutritionally balanced liquefied food or formula through a tube inserted into the stomach, duodenum, or jejunum. |
| undernutrition | a poor state of nourishment as a result of inadequate diet or diseases that interfere with normal appetite and assimilation of ingested food. |
| bariatric surgery | a surgical procedure used to treat morbid obesity. |
| lipectomy | adipectomy: performed to remove unsightly flabby folds of adipose tissue for cosmetic reasons. |
| metabolic syndrome | a collection of risk factors that increase an individual's chance of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. |
| morbidly obese | classification describing individuals with a body mass index >40 kg/m2. |
| obese | classification used to describe individuals with body man index values of 30 kg/m2 or more. |
| obesity | an abnormal increase in an individual's proportion of fat cells. |
| PICC | peripherally inserted central catheter |
| CT | computed tomography |
| PEG | percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy |
