| A | B |
|---|
| nucleus | the control centre of the cell's activities |
| nucleolus | small circular structure(s) within the nucleus; may be involved in protein synthesis |
| chromosomes | genetic material found in the nucleus |
| mitochondria | where energy in the form of ATP is produced |
| ribosomes | Very small structures that make protein; composed of RNA |
| endoplasmic reticulum | Transport system in the cell, can be Smooth or Rough |
| golgi apparatus | Special enzymes that package up protein |
| lysosome | special type of vacuole that breaks down large molecules with enzymes and chemicals |
| chloroplast | where photosynthesis occurs |
| cell membrane | Outer covering of cell; it controls what moves in and out of the cell |
| cell wall | protects and supports plant cells |
| eukaryote | cell that has a membrane-bound nucleus |
| prokaryote | a cell with no nuclear membrane and few (if any) membrane bound organelles |
| vacuole | Liquid filled sacs,Stores wastes, water,food;suuports plant |
| cytoplasm | gel-like substance in which cells life processes take place |
| centriole | Helps to divide the cell so it can reproduce |
| microtubules | helps in movement of the cell |
| mitochondrion | stores energy that the cell needs to work |
| plastids | Storage cells for pigment ((Chromoplasts), starch (leukoplasts), or chloroplasts |
| cytoskeleton | Filaments and fibers that support cell structure & movement |
| centrioles | Animal cel part formed by microtubules |
| flagellum | long "threads" made of 9 pairs of microtubules that help unicells move about |
| cilia | short 'threads that move substance along cell surface |
| diffusion | Process of molecules moving from high concentration areas to lower areas of concentration |
| microfilaments | long fibers in cytoskeleton that help move cytoplasm inside the cell |
| selective permeability | ability of membrane to allow certain substances to diffuse through it |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water thru a sel. perm. membrane to side with less water concentration |
| Osmotic pressure | Moves water across a membrane from diluted solution to more concentrated side, can cause a cell to blow up with water. |
| Facilitated diffusion | Transport assisted by a protein, to the low concentration side of a membrane |
| Active transport | Transport across a membrane that is energy assisted, such as for Ca, K, and Na. |
| Endocytosis | Transport thru membrane due to enfolding movement of cell membrane |
| Pinocytosis | Formation of pockets that fill with water, pinch off, and form vacuoles within cell |
| Phagocytosis | Cytoplasm engulfs large particles & takes them into cell (amoebas) |
| Cell organization levels | Tissues, organs, organ systems |
