| A | B |
|---|
| diffusion | The movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration |
| concentration gradient | The difference in concentration between a region of high concentration and a region of low concentration |
| facilitated diffusion | The more rapid movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration that requires energy |
| osmosis | The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane |
| isotonic solution | Solution with the same amount of dissolved substances as a cell |
| hypotonic solution | Solution with the less dissolved substances than a cell, causes cell to swell as it gains water |
| hypertonic solution | Solution with the more dissolved substances than a cell causing the cell to shrink as it loses water. |
| plasmolysis | Shrinkage of the cytoplasm of a cell due to osmosis |
| passive transport | Movement of materials across a cell membrane without using energy. The movement is from high to low. |
| active transport | Movement of materials across a cell membrane using energy. The movement is from low to high. |
| endocytosis | Process of moving material into a cell using a vesicle |
| pinocytosis | Process of moving liquid material into a cell using a vesicle |
| phagocytosis | Process of moving solid material into a cell using a vesicle |
| exocytosis | Process of moving material out of a cell using a vesicle |
| lipid bilayer | Double-layered sheet of lipids that form the core of a cell membrane. |
| concentration | the mass of a givern solute dissolved in a given volume of solvent. |
| selectively permeable membrane | Membrane that allows some molecules to pass through and prevents others from passing through it. |
| permeable membrane | Membrane that allows all molecules to pass though it. |
| nonpermeable membrane | Membrane that prevents all molecules from passing through it. |
| osmotic pressure | The force of water molecules trying to leave a cell. |
