| A | B |
|---|
| Interstellar gas and dust | A nebula is comprised mainly of — |
| Nebula | A vast cloud of dust and gas that gives rise to a protostar is called a — |
| The Hubble Telescope | Our understanding of nebulae has been greatly enhanced by — |
hydrogen and helium,  | According to the diagram, the composition of the solid components of solar nebula lack —, |
| the Jovian Planets | According to the diagram, the part of the nebula with the fastest growth is —,  |
| the slower the growth | According to the diagram above, the smaller the body —, |
| fusion will begin | Which of the following will most likely occur after a nebula contracts and its temperature increases to 10 million Kelvin? |
| gas clouds | Which of the following is most likely to be found in a nebula? |
| clouds of dust and gas | Which of these best describes the composition of a nebula such as the Crab Nebula? |
| nebula | Our solar system began as a — |
| 5 billion years ago | Our solar system formed from a solar nebula about — |
| at about the same time | According to the solar nebula theory, the Moon and the Earth formed — |
| nearby supernova | The solar nebula that formed our solar system was thought to be put in motion by a — |
| our solar system is a third or fourth generation solar system | The age of the Universe is thought to be 15 billion years, the age of the Solar system is thought to be 5 billion years. This would indicate that — |
cool and bright,  | Which of the following best describes giant stars?, |
| white dwarf, | The Sun would be smaller and hotter than all of the following types of stars EXCEPT a —, |
| stars | Gas and dust in interstellar nebulae form — |
| hydrogen | What element is the main component of most stars? |
| hydrogen and helium | The gases that are predominant in stars are — |
| nuclear fusion | The process that changes hydrogen to helium in a star is called — |
a black dwarf,  | In the diagram of stellar evolution, it is clear that the last stage in a low mass star is —, |
HR diagram,  | The above diagram that relates absolute magnitude of a star to its temperature is called the, |
| main sequence star | According to the table of stellar characteristics, a yellow star of temperature 6000 degrees Kelvin of luminosity 1 would be classified |
| neutron star | Which of the following stages of a star has the greatest mass? |
| protostar | Beginning with a nebulae, which is the next stage in the life cycle of a star? |
| galaxy | A large group of stars with their solar systems is called a — |
| the Milky Way | The name of the galaxy that contains the Sun and its components is — |
| 400 billioin | The number of stars in our galaxy is about — |
| moving away from other galaxies | Galaxies appear to be — |
| the evidence of a universal red shift of galaxies | The Big Bang Theory has as its basis — |
| the Big Bang | According to the data that indicates all material in the universe is moving away from all other matter, the theory of which of the following is constructed? |
Big Bang theory,  | The diagram is an illustration of the —, |
| Copernicus | The scientist who first challenged the Earth−centered Universe model was — |
| religious leaders who felt it challenged their authority | The Sun−centered universe model was most disputed by — |
| light year | The “measuring stick” that astronomers use to determine stellar distances is the — |
| luminosity | The measure of how much energy leaves a star in a certain period of time is called its — |
| thermal energy | According to the big bang theory, which of the following was distributed in every direction as the universe expanded? |
| galaxies are moving away from each other | Which of the following best supports the concept of the big bang theory? |
| absolute magnitude | Which of these measurements allows scientists to compare the brightness of stars? |
| galaxies are moving away from each other in a constantly expanding universe | In 1912, an astronomer at Arizona’s Lowell Observatory noticed that the lines in the spectra of most galaxies shifted toward the red end of the spectrum. Another American astronomer, Edwin Hubble, later interpreted this discovery as evidence that — |
| nebula | Form new stars |
| Proto | prefix that means before |
| eccentric or elliptical | an orbit shape |
| corona | yellow layer of the Sun |
| tilt of Earth's axis | the reason for the season |
| rotation | causes night and day |
| fusion | sun's energy comes from what process? |
| Apollo | First manned mission to moon |
| Uranus | Which planet is gassey and has weird tilt |
| supernova | last big bang of a dying star |
| Venus | Earth's twin |
| apparent magnitude | which amount of light (magnitude) depends on distance |
| absolute magnitude | which amount of light (magnitude) is actually how large a star is? |
| asteroids | objects floating around the sun between Jupiter and Mars |
