| A | B |
|---|
| Dharma | In Buddhist understanding, Dharma means Truth, the true nature of reality, as well as what the Buddha taught. |
| Samgha | In early Buddhism, the Buddhist monastic community of monks and nuns. |
| Vinaya | Rules of conduct for (Hindu) ascetic or (Buddhist) monastic communities |
| Ahimsa | Non-injury; non-harming; non-violence; key teaching of the (Hindu) religious ascetics around the time of the Buddha; Buddha established it as the first Buddhist precept. |
| Karma | In Buddhist understanding, karma refers to actions and intentions, which give rise to rebirth and the circumstances in which one finds oneself in the present. The consequences of one's karma are called the "fruits" of karma. |
| Siddhartha | The Buddha's given name; literally, "Object Achieved;" name used to refer to the Buddha-to-be before he attains enlightenment. |
| Buddha | Literally, "The Awoken One;" "One who was awoken to the truth;" "Enlightened one" |
| The Four Sights | An old senile man, a sick man, a corpse, a monk; the sights that led Siddhartha to leave his princely life to become a sramana to seek an end to suffering for all beings. |
| Mara | Lord of Samsara; symbolically, the mental, physical and emotional forces of existence that must be overcome in order to attain nirvana. |
| Bodhi | Enlightenment |
| Nirvana | Complete enlightenment; negatively stated; extinguishing the fires of greed, anger and delusion; positively stated: liberation from suffering; "transcendental happiness." |
