| A | B |
|---|
| # of theorical subnets created | 2^(# of bits borrowed) |
| # of usable subnets created | 2^(# of bits borrowed) -2 |
| # of theorical hosts per subnet | 2^(# of bits remaining) |
| # of bits remaining | total bits in the host field - bits borrowed |
| # of usable hosts per subnet | 2^(# of bits remaining) - 2 |
| network address/identifier | network bits that match the license # and the host bits are all zeros (0) |
| network broadcast | network bits match the license # and the host bits are all ones (1) |
| subnet mask | network + subnet bits are all ones (1) and host bits are all zeros (0) |
| subnet bits | are treated as network bits (they were borrowed) |
| MAC address | flat addressing |
| routers | connect separate networks, make best path decisions based on layer 3 information and switch packets from incoming ports to appropriate outgoing ports. |
| datagrams | encapsulated packets at the network layer. If IP is used, they are called IP datagrams. Datagrams contain, among other information, the source and destination address. |
| IP address | 32 bit binary number (four octects). There are several classes of IP's: A, B and C. Octects in an IP address can be identified as either network or host octects. |
| network octects | Identify the network and are assigned by and external agency (InterNic) |
| host octects | can be assigned locally. |
| Class A | IP addresses range from 0-127. IP format: N.H.H.H Default subnet mask: 255.0.0.0 |
| Class B | IP addresses range from 128-191. IP format: N.N.H.H Default subnet mask: 255.255.0.0 |
| Class C | IP addresses range from 192-223. IP format: N.N.N.H Default subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 |
