| A | B |
|---|
| used to treat insomnia & anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, panic | benzo's |
| less physical dependence, less tolerance, less abuse, fewer drug intereactions with benzo's as compared to | general CNS depressants |
| How benzo's work | potentiate the action of gaba, but do not mimic gaba |
| adverse effects benzo's | cns depression, anterograde amnesia, resp. depression, use in pregn/lactation |
| drug interactions | other sedative cns depressants |
| acute toxicity | tx with flumazenil (Romazicon) |
| zolpidem (Ambien) | short term managemetn of insomnia |
| Sonata (zaleplon) | new class pyrazolipyrimidines for sleep; no tolerance |
| Lunesta | no limiitation on use for insomnia |
| 3 types of barbiturates | ultra short acting, short to med, long |
| ultra short acting barb | thiopental |
| short to medium barb. | secobarbital |
| long acting | phenobarbital |
| how barbs work | binding to gaba receptor/chloride channel complex |
| pharmacological effect of barbs | induction of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes |
| pharmacokinetic effects of barbs | effected by lipids |
| adverse effects of barbs | resp deprsssion, suicide, abuse, use in preg, exacerbation of porphyrias, hyperalgesia, paradoxical excitement |
| acute toxcity | resp deprssion, coma, pinpoint pupil;s |
| tx for acute toxicity of barbs | oxygen and get out the barbs |
| ex. of misc sedative hypnotics | chloral hydrate, meprobamate, paraldehyde |
| alternatives for sleep that are not addictive | trazodone, antihistamines |
