| A | B |
|---|
| elements | smallet particle that still is a substance |
| compound | 2 or more elements joined together where the properties of the new compound are different than the properties of each element seperately |
| ionic bond | one element completely gives its electrons to another |
| covalent bond | shared electron pair |
| macromolecules | long chain of repeating subunits |
| carbohydrates | c/h/o |
| monosaccharide | basic building block- carbs |
| monosaccharide | glucose, fructose, galactose |
| disaccharides | C12H22O11 |
| disaccharides | lactose, sucrose, maltose |
| glucose | blood sugar |
| fructose | fruit sugar |
| galactose | milk sugar |
| lactose | milk |
| sucrose | sugar |
| maltose | grain |
| hydrolosis | large to small |
| dehydration synthesis | small to large |
| polysaccharide | starch, cellulose, glycogen |
| starch | stored food in plants |
| cellulose | structure for plant walls; helps break down food |
| glycogen | animal starch; stored in liver |
| iodine | turns starch bluish-black |
| lipids | fat |
| fatty acid | basic building block- lipids |
| saturated fat | no double bonds between carbs; animal fat; solid at room temp |
| unsaturated fat | atleast 1 double bond; plant fats; liquid at room temp |
| protein | c/h/o/n |
| amino acid | basic building block- protein |
| peptide | one amino |
| depeptide | two aminos |
| biuret | indicator of protein |
| exergonic | A+B-energy=AB |
| endergonic | A+B+energy=AB |
| enzymes | speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy |
| denaturation | permanent destruction of the enzyme |
| nucleic acid | c/h/o/n/p |
| nucleotides | basic building block- nucleic acid |
| DNA | nucleus; 2 strands; genetic control; deoxyribose |
| RNA | all over; carries out DNA tasks; 1 strand; ribose |
| A,T,G,C | DNA possible nitrogen bases |
| A,U,G,C | RNA possible nitrogen bases |
| polymers | many units |
| monomer | 1 unit |
| dimer | 2 units |
| monosaccharide | C6H12O6 |
| proteins | muscle enzyme repair |
