| A | B |
|---|
| homeostasis | organism abil to have constant condition |
| catabolism | breakdown of complex substances; release energy |
| anabolism | process that involves syntesis, complex substances from simple |
| metabolism | sum of all chem reactions of body; balance of anabolism and catabolism |
| unicellular | single-celled |
| multicellular | many-celled |
| physical property | matter: mass and volume |
| chemical property | substance's ability to change into new due to chem change |
| phase | physical property of matter: solid, liquid, and gas |
| atom | smalles part of an element |
| proton | positively charged particle |
| neutron | electrically neutral particle; no charge; pro and neut nearly = in mass |
| electron | negatively charged part., mass 2000 less than pro, neut |
| element | substance containing only one atom |
| isotope | atoms of same element have same # of prot BUT dif # of neuts |
| compound | combination of 2 or more diff. atoms in definite proportions |
| ionic bond | a bond that involves a transfer of electrons |
| covalent bond | a chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons |
| molecule | smallest part. of a covalently bonded comp. |
| chem reaction | any process in which a chem change occurs |
| mixture | a subst composed of 2 or more elem or comps that are mixed but NOT chem combd. |
| solution | homogeneous mixture in which one subst. is dissolved in another |
| solvent | the subst that DOES the dissolving |
| solute | the substance that dissolves |
| pH scale | measurement 0-14; indicates relative concentr of H ions and HO ions in a subst |
| monomer | small comp that can be joined together w/other small camp to form a polymer |
| polymer | large comp formed by comb of monomers |
| catallyst | subst that speeds up rate of chem reaction w/o being changed or used up by reaction |
| enzyme | one of a number of special protein catalyts contained in living organisms |
| 4 organic comps | carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
| cell | basic unit of structure and func in living things |
| cell theory | understanding that all living things are comp of cells; cells come from pre-ex cells |
| prokaryote | single-cellled organism whose cells do NOT have nucleus |
| eukaryote | organism made up of cells that have a nucleus |
| diffusion | process of molecules of subst move from hi concentr to areas of lo concentr |
| osmosis | diffusion of water molec thru selectively permeable membrane from hi concentration to lower concentr |
| active transport | enerty requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentr difference |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to perform a spec func |
| photsynthesis | process in which autotrophs make their own food using the energy in light |
| autotroph | organism that is able to use a source of energy to produce its food from inorganic raw materials |
| heterotroph | organism that can't produce its own food but obtains energy from the food it eats |
| light reaction | reactions of photosynthesis that require light |
| dark reaction | reactions of photosynthesis that don't require light but use energy produced and stored during light reaction to make glucose |
| glycolysis | production of ATP by the conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid |
| respiration | process that involves oxygin and breaks down food molecules to release energy |
| aerobic | any process that requires oxygen |
| anaerobic | any process that doesn't require oxygen |
| fermentation | process that enables cells to carry out energy production in the absence of oxygen; breakdown of glucose and relase of energy in which organic subst are the final electron acceptors |
