| A | B |
|---|
| Fertile Crescent | A region of fertile, well-watered land in the Middle East |
| Mesopotamia | means "land between the rivers"; a river valley in the Fertile Crescent, present day Iraq |
| Drought | A LONG period of dry weather |
| Famine | A widespread lack of food, causing people to starve to death |
| Surplus | An extra supply of something |
| Barter | A trade of one resource for another without the use of money |
| Sumer | A city-state in the plains of lower Mesopotamia |
| City-State | A self-governing city and the farmland surrounding it |
| Ziggurat | Mesopotamian temples |
| Cuneiform | The first system of writing, created by the Sumerians |
| Babylon | A city-state slightly north of Sumer, famous for its hanging gardens |
| Hammurabi | King of Babylon, famous for his laws which were the first written code of laws |
| Code of Hammurabi | The first written system of laws |
| Judaism | The first monotheistic religion, developed by the ancient Hebrews |
| Abraham | The Hebrew leader who took his people from southern Mesopotamia to Canaan |
| Canaan | The first city settled by the ancient Hebrews |
| Moses | The ancient Hebrew leader who led them from slavery in Egypt to freedom in Jerusalem |
| Mount Sinai | A geographic feature just north of the Red Sea where the ancient Hebrews lived after fleeing Egypt before settling in Jerusalem |
| The 10 Commandments | The laws that became the foundation of Jewish belief and behavior |
| Polytheism | A religion with more than one god |
| Monotheism | A religion with only one God |
| King Solomon | A famous Hebrew King, who is famous for his incredible wisdom |
| Jerusalem | A major city in Israel, and ancient capital from which early Hebrew kings ruled |
