| A | B |
|---|
| Part one of cell theory | All organisms are made of cells |
| Part two of cell theory | All existing cells are produced by other living cells |
| Part three of cell theory | The cell is the most basic unit of life. |
| Hooke | First to identify cells, and named them. |
| Leeuwenhoek | Made better lenses and observed cells in greater detail. |
| Schleiden | First to note plants are mde of cells. |
| Schwann | Concluded that all living things are made of cells. |
| Virchou | Proposed that all cells come from other cells. |
| Prokaryotic cells | Cells that do not have a nucleous. |
| Eukaryotic cells | Cells that have a nucleous. |
| Organelles | Structures specialized to perform distinct processes within a cell. |
| Cytoplasm | The jelly like substance that gives the cell its structure. |
| Cytoskeleton | Network of proteins that constantly change to meet the needs of the cell. |
| Nucleous | The storehouse for most of the genetic information or DNA. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough) | Interconnected network of thin folded members. |
| Ribosomes | Link amino acids together to form proteins |
| Golgi apparatus | Organizes, sorts and delivers proteins |
| Vesicle | Isolate and transport specific molecules |
| Mitochondrion | Power house of the cell |
| Vacuole | Fluid filled sac used for storage |
| Lysosome | Breaks down worn out cellparts and defends the cell from invaders |
| Centriole | Divides DNA during cell division |
| Cell wall | Provides shape and support for the cell |
| Chloroplast | Converts solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis |
| Two organelles found in plant cells | Cell wall and Chloroplasts |
| The structure of the cell membrane | Bilayer phospholipids with proteins and carbs inbedded. |
| Phospholipid | A molecule composed of a charged phosophate group, glycerol, and two fatty acid chains. |
| The fluid mosaic model | Describes the arrangement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane. |
| Selective permeability | Allows some, but not all, materials to cross a cell membrane. |
| Membrane receptors | Protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response. |
| How membrane receptors transmit messages: | By attaching to certain molecules, which ensures the right cell gets the right signal. |
| How Passive transport is different from Active transport: | Does not use energy from the cell |
| Two example of passive transport: | Diffusion and Osmosis |
| Concentration gradient: | The difference in the concentration of a substance from one location to another. |
| How particles move in passive transport: | From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| Facilitated diffusion: | Helps molecules that cannot directly cross the cell membrane. |
| Transport protein: | Uses chemical energy to move larger substances across the cell membrane. |
| Isotonic: | Equal concentration of solutes. |
| Hypertonic: | Greater concentration of solutes. |
| Hypotonic: | Lower concentration of solutes. |
| Endocytosis: | The process of taking liquids or fairly large molecules into a cell by engulfing them in a membrane. |
| Exocytosis: | Releases substances out of a cell by fusion. |
| Phagocytosis: | Eats a whole cell. |
| Reason facilitated diffusion requires no energy from the cell: | Because it uses simple channels, or tunnels, to allow the particles to pass. |
| Laid the ground work for all biological research: | Why is Cell Theory Important? |
