| A | B |
|---|
| Kuomintang | Name of the Chinese Nationalist party formed after the fall of the Qing Dynasty in 1912 |
| Sun Yixian | Leader of the Kuomintang; became the 1st president of the new Republic of China in 1912; based his gov't upon 3 principles of the people - nationalism, democracy, and people's livelihood - economic security. Later, he allies his Nationalist Party with the Communist Party to unite all revolutionary groups for common action. |
| Mao Zedong | China's greatest revolutionary leader, sometimes called the "Great Helmsman". Defeated Jiang's Nationalist forces in 1949 and proclaiming it the People's Republic of China. Mao was determined to reshape China's economy based upon Marxist Socialism |
| May Fourth Movement | Vast numbers of Chinese demonstrated against the Treaty of Versailles of 1919 (Japan gains control of previously German controlled territories in China) and foreign imperialism in China. |
| Long March | When Jiang and his Nationalist army of 700,000 surrounded the much smaller Communist forces, the Communists fled 6,000 miles for a year (1934-35) |
| Jiang Jieshi | After the death of Sun Yixian, Jiang Jieshi headed the Kuomintang. At first he allied the Nationalists with the Communists to fight the Chinese warlords. Soon after, he turned against the Communists nearly wiping them out in 1927. Eventually Jiang was defeated by Mao's Red Army and set up his Nationalist China on the island of Taiwan |
| commune | Mao's "Great Leap Forward" plan called for these large collective farms on which a great number of Chinese people worked and lived together. Communal living proved to be unsuccessful due to lack of worker incentives. |
| Red Guards | militia units formed by young Chinese people in 1966 in response to Mao Zedong's call for a social and cultural revolution to cleanse China of any threats to the Communist regime (intellectuals, artists, and teachers were persecuted). |
| Cultural Revolution | Mao's goal for this revolution was to establish a society of peasants and workers in which all were equal. The "life of the mind" (intellectual & artistic activities) was considered useless and dangerous (1966-1976) |
