| A | B |
|---|
| how tetaracyclines work | inhibit binding of transfer rna to messenger rna |
| how macrolides work | inhibit rna dependent protein synthesis, preventing the cell from dividing or causing cell death |
| tetaracyclines use for | acne vulgaris, periodontal dz, rheumatoid arthritis, pud |
| side effects of tetracyclines | photosensivity to Uv light, gi distress, |
| serious side effects of tetracyclines | skeletal retardation in premature infants, tooth discoloration, etc. |
| drug/drug interactions of tetracyclines | antacids, calcium, dairy products, magenesium (allow 2 hrs. between tet & these) |
| avoid tetracyclines in these populations | liver disease, pregnant women, children under 8 |
| least expensive & most widely used antibiotic | tetracyclines |
| administration of tettracycline rules | take on an empty stomach with water, 1 hr. before or 2 hours after eating |
| how doxycycline is different from other tetracyclines | non renal elimination; first line for chlamydia & lyme disease; also not affected by food (similar to monocycline) |
| specific to monocyclines | can affect vestibular sytems; can be taken with/without food |
| first choice for pcn allergic patients | macrolides |
| examples of macrolides | emycin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin |
| how to take emycin | take between meals |
| which emycin is to be avoided in adults with hepatic probs | erythromycin estolate |
| cardiac side effects of macrolides | prolong QT interval |
| IV precautions for macrolides | infuse slowly or get thrombophlebitis |
| increased emycin levels with which drugs | cy P450, theophylline, carbamazepine, warfarin |
| inhibit emycin metabolism causing increased emycin levels | verapamil, diltiazepine, azole antifungals, HIV protease inhibitors |
| clindamycin acts by | interacts with bacterial ribosomes |
| clindamycin used to treat | life threatening bacterial infections |
| side effets of clindamycin | gi side effects, c. diff colitis, hypersensitivity reactions |
| chloramphenicol works by | inhibits protein synthesis in both bacterial & human cells |
| bad side effects of chloramphenicol | gray baby syndrome, blood dyscrasia, bone marrow depression, optic neuritis, pheripheral neruitis |
| drug interactions with chloramphenical | phenythoin, warfarin, two hypoglycemia (tolbutamide, chlorporpamide) |
| indications for chloramphenicol | use when other antibiotics have been ineffective |
| linezolid | blocks early stages of protein synthesis |
| linezolid indications | usually indicated for vancomycin res. enterococci & mrsa |
| linezolid side efects | gi, myelosuppression |
| telithromycin (Ketek) indications | community acquired pneumonia in adults |
| telithromycin black box warning | don't use in Myasthenia Gravis |
| contradincations of telithromycin | hepatic problems |
| drug/drug interactions of telithromycin | cisapride, simvastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin; increases dig & metoprolol levels |
| spectinomycin can cause | insomnia, urticaria |
| drug drug interactions with linezolid | done give with MAOI's |
| quinaupristin: monitor these | liver enzymes |
