| A | B |
|---|
| cell membrane | the part of the cell that gives it shape and controls what goes in and out of it. |
| lysosomes | chemicals that digest cellular wastes and worn out cell parts |
| chromosomes | stores directions for cellular activities |
| cytoplasm | a gel-like substance that contains a large amount of water; cell structures and chemicals are located here |
| mitochondria | the powerhouse of the cell; where chemicals from food are changed into energy |
| vacuoles | saclike structures that store food and water along with waste materials |
| cell wall | a stiff layer that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells |
| chloroplasts | found in plant leaves and stems that trap the energy of light and make food |
| chlorophyll | is the green pigment in plants that absobs light |
| passive transport | the movement of substances in membranes WITHOUT the use of energy |
| diffusion | the movement of substances from higher to lower concentration |
| osmosis | movement of water particles through a membrane. Does not involve energy |
| equilibrium | equal concentration of substances on both sides of a membrane; BALANCE |
| photosyntheses | the process in which plants and some other organisms use energy from the sum to produce food in the form of glucose (sugar) |
| cellular respiration | a process where plants and animals use the energy from glucose ( burning of fuel) |
| aerobic respiration | a type of cellular respiration that requires oxygen |
| anaerobic respiration | a type of respiration that DOES NOT require oxygen |
| fermentation | the most common anaerobic process |
| active transport | when energy is required to move materials through a cell membrane |
| nucleus | control center of a cell that contains genetic information |
