| A | B |
|---|
| photosynthesis | the process in which plants,algea,and some bacteria use sunlight,carbon dioxide,and water to make food |
| cellular respiration | process by whichcell use oxygen to produce energy from food |
| fermentation | the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen |
| cell cycle | the life cycle of a cell |
| chromosomes | ina eukayotic cell,one of the structure inthe nucleus that are made up of dna and protein;in a prokaryotic cell the main ring of dna |
| mitosis | in eukaryotic cell a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei each of which has the same number of chromsomes |
| cytokinesis | the division of the cytoplasm of a cell |
| pigments | plant molecules that absorb light energy |
| chlorophyll | pigment used in photosynthesis and makes plants green |
| respiration | breathing |
| number of chromosomes in prokaryotic cell | one chromosome |
| number of chromosomes in a eukaryotic cell | many chromosomes |
| chromosomes in human | 46 chromosomes |
| chromosomes in potato | 48 chromosomes |
| number of stages in eukaryotic cell | three stages |
| first stage of eurkaryotic cell | interphase |
| interphase | the cell grows and copies its organelles and chromosomes |
| chromatids | two copies of cells in interphase |
| centromere | holds together the chromatids |
| mitosis | second stage of eukaryotic cell cycle |
| four phases of mitosis | prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase |
| cytokinesis | third stage of eukaryotic cell cycle |
| cytokinesis | divison of cytoplasm and all the matierals in the cytoplasm |
| cancer | occurs when tumors affect the normal functions of the body |
| melanoma | most deadly kind of skin cancer |
| cytokinesis in a plant | cell plate forms between 2 new cells (different than in an animal) |
| example of fermentation in human muscles | lactic acid/burning |
| two ways food is broken down in cells | cellular respiration and fermentation |
| binary fission | splitting into two parts in bacteria |
| homologous chromosomes | pairs of similar chromosomes (vary in size, but very similar) |
| DNA | hereditary material that tells a cell what to do |
| ATP | adrenosine triphosphat which supplies energy to fuel cell activities (like growth) |
| parent cell | makes copies of the cell |
