| A | B |
|---|
| Renaissance means | Re-birth |
| 1350-1550CE | Renaissance |
| Classical Antiquity | Greek & Roman Works |
| Medici Family | Ruling family in Florence |
| Petrarch | Father of Humanism |
| Humanism | Intellectual movement that focuses on human behavior and knowledge |
| Erasmus | Believed in the goodness of people and not a particular religious doctrine |
| Pluralism | Holding many different church offices |
| Absenteeism | Ignoring duties of church & paying others to perform those duties |
| Relics | Holy objects used to create money |
| Indulgences | Selling salvation for a certain price |
| Johann Tetzel | Priest famous for selling indulgences |
| Martin Luther | German priest who wanted to change the ways of the Catholic Church |
| October 31, 1517 | 95 Theses nailed to church door in Wittenberg, Germany |
| Charles V | Holy Roman emperor who wanted to keep empire Catholic |
| Peace of Augsburg of 1555 | Formal declaration of the acceptance of a split Christian Church |
| Ulrich Zwingli | Protestant reformer in Switzerland |
| John Calvin | Takes over protestant movement after Zwingli is killed |
| Predestination | God predestines people to be saved |
| Henry VIII | English king who becomes head of Anglican Church in England |
| Catholic Reformation | Jesuits,Reformed Papacy,Council of Trent |
| Machiavelli | Wrote "The Prince" |
| Baldassare Castiglione | Wrote "The Book of the Courtier" |
| "Bloody" Mary I | Attempted to return England to Catholocism |
| James I | Believer in "Divine Right" of kings & 1st Stuart ruler |
| 1642-1646CE | English Civil War |
| Cavaliers | Supporters of King Charles I |
| Roundheads | Supporters of Parliament |
| Oliver Cromwell | Led Parlimentary forces in battle |
| 1646-1660CE | Commonwealth government in England |
| 1649CE | Charles I executed |
| 1660-1685CE | The Restoration |
| 1658CE | Cromwell dies & no plan for succession |
| 1660CE | Charles II returns from France to take throne |
| 1688CE | William & Mary "invade" and take throne from James II |
| Romanovs | Ruling family in Russia |
| Bourbons | Ruling family in France |
| Tudors | Ruling family in England |
| Hohenzollerns | Ruling family in Prussia |
| Hapsburgs | Ruling family in Austria |
| Divine Right | Unlimited authority given to monarchs by God |
| Charles I | Arrogant English king who challanges the authority of Parliament |
| 1628CE | Petition of Right (anti-monarchy) |
| 1642-1660CE | Puritain Revolution |
| Charles II | Exiled son of Charles I who came back to rule |
| Restoration | Bringing back the monarchy |
| James II | Brother of Charles II (Catholic) |
| 1679CE | Habeas Corpus Act |
| Glorious Revolution | William & Mary of Orange come to claim throne in England |
| 1689CE | English Bill of Rights & Toleration Act |
| Tories | Conservative political party in England |
| Whigs | Liberal political party in England |
| 1588AD | Spanish Armada defeated by English |
| Ivan the Terrible | First Tsar |
| Mikhail Romanov | First in the Romanov dynasty |
| Peter the Great | Westernized Russia |
| Catherine the Great | Gained control of Black Sea |
| 1562-1598CE | French Wars of Religion |
| 1598CE | Edict of Nantes |
| Henry IV | Catholic king of France |
| 1571CE | Battle of Lepanto- Spanish victory over Muslims |
| 1648CE | Peace of Westphalia- Ended religious wars and Holy Roman Empire |
| Witchcraft | Devil worship; Black Magic |
| 1618-1648CE | 30 Years War- Religious war turned World War |
| Absolutism | All power lies in the monarchy |
| Louis XIV | Absolute monarch of France |
| Versailles | Palace of Louis XIV |
| Jean-Baptiste Colbert | French economist who gained wealth for Louis XIV |
| Mannerism | Cultural movement which focused on breaking barriers |
| Thomas Hobbes | Wrote "Leviathan" |
| John Locke | Wrote "Two Treatises of Government" |
| c.1500-c.1800 | Age of European Expansion |
| Prince Henry the Navigator | Set up navigation school in 1419- Portguesel |
| Bartholomew Diaz | Rounded Cape of Good Hope in 1487 |
| Vasco de Gama | Arrived in India to trade in 1498 |
| Alfonso d' Albuquerque | Set up Portuguese port in India |
| Christopher Columbus | Found "New World" in 1492 |
| John Cabot | English explorer who sailed American coastline |
| Amerigo Vespucci | Geographer & Mapmaker who named America |
| Treaty of Tordesiallas | Line of Demarcation made by the Pope in 1494 to split the New World |
| Hernan Cortez | Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs |
| Francisco Pizarro | Spanish conquistador who defeated the Incas |
| Encomienda | Use of natives as slave labor |
