| A | B |
|---|
| Mitosis | cell process in which the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei |
| Chromosome | structure in a cell's nucleus that contains hereditary material |
| Asexual Reproduction | type of reproduction in which a new organism is produced from one parent |
| Sexual Reproduction | type of reproduction in which two sex cells join to form a zygote |
| Sperm | haploid sex cell formed in the male reproductive organs |
| Egg | haploid sex cell formed in the female reproductive organs |
| Fertilization | in sexual reproduction, the joining of a sperm and egg |
| Zygote | new diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg; will divide by mitosis and develop into a new organism |
| Diploid | cell whose similar chromosomes occur in pairs |
| Haploid | cell that has half the number of chromosomes as body cells |
| Meiosis | reproductive process that produces 4 haploid sex cells from one diploid cell and ensures offspring will have the same # of chromosomes as the parent |
| DNA | the genetic material of all organisms; made up of two twisted strands of sugar and nitrogen |
| Gene | section of DNA on a chromosome that contains instructions for making specific proteins |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid; a type of nucleic acid that carries codes for making proteins from the nucleus to the ribosomes |
| mutation | any permanent change in a gene or chromosome of a cell; may be beneficial, harmful, or have little effect on an organism |
