| A | B |
|---|
| Howard Carter | Discovered King Tut's tomb in 1922 |
| pharaoh | literally means "great house"; Egyptian ruler |
| delta | fan-shaped area of fertile soil |
| cataracts | waterfalls |
| shadoof | a machine used to lift water from the Nile |
| basins | bowl-shaped holes used to store water |
| Menes | also known as King Narmer; united Lower and Upper Egypt |
| granaries | buildings for storing grain |
| west | bank of the Nile where the pyramids were built |
| Book of the Dead | Egyptian book of magic spells |
| mummy | wrapped body |
| chariot | wheeled cart which the Hyksos used to invade Egypt |
| Hatshepsut | female pharaoh; interested in trade and building temples; stepmother of Thutmose III |
| Punt | land in which expedition under rule of Hatshepsut took place |
| hieroglyphics | Egyptian writing; pictures stood for words or sounds |
| Amenhotep IV | changed his name to Akhenaton |
| papyrus | paper made from reeds; used to make baskets, sandals and riverboats |
| calendar | had 3 seasons of 120 days each |
| 671 B.C. | Egypt was taken over by the Assyrians |
| Tutankhamen | "the boy king"; took power after death of Amenhotep IV |
| Upper Egypt | located in the south delta of the Nile River valley |
| Lower Egypt | located in the north delta of the Nile River valley |
| Osiris | Egyptian god of the harvest and eternal life |
| Middle Kingdom | Pharaohs had less power in this period |
| Hyksos | people who invaded Egypt with superior tools |
| sarcophagus | coffin case which enclosed a mummy |
| Ahmose | Egyptian prince who drove the Hyksos out of Egypt |
| New Kingdom | Period in which Egyptian cities grew larger; pharaohs marched their armies to the east |
| calendar | included 3 seasons of 120 days each |
| geometry | used to survey land |
| papyrus | paper made from reeds; used to make sandals, baskets and boats |
| King Khufu | largest pyramid at Giza built for him |
| Thutmose III | stepson of Hatshepsut; ruled after her death |
| Sirius | star which pyramids were built in alignment with |
| natron | salt-like substance used to preserve mummies |
| 2,600 B.C. | beginning of Egyptian civilization |
| 671 B.C. | end of Egyptian civilization |
| canopic jars | contained the organs of a mummy |
