| A | B |
| altiplano | A broad high plateau lying between the ridges of the Andes. |
| strait | A narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water. |
| Atacama Desert | In northern Chili, this desert lies between the Andes and the Pacific coast. |
| El Nino | An ocean and weather pattern affecting S. America's Pacific coast about every 2 to 7 years. |
| viceroy | A Spanish governor appointed by the king of Spain in the Spanish colonies. |
| creoles | American-born decendents of Europeans. |
| Quito | The capital of Ecuador. |
| La Paz | One of Bolivia's capitals where the congress meets. |
| Lima | The capital of Peru. |
| coup | A sudden overthrow of a government by a small group of people. |
| Santiago | The capital of Chile. |