| A | B |
| patrician | a wealthy, powerful citizen of ancient Rome |
| plebian | a common citizen of ancient Rome |
| republic | a form of government in which citizens have the rights to choose their leaders |
| representative | a person elected to represent the people |
| Senate | a governing body in which ancient Roman representatives served |
| consul | in ancient Rome, one of two officials who managed the government and the army |
| dictator | a person who has total control over the people |
| tribune | in ancient Rome, men who were appointed to protect the rights of plebians |
| patriotism | a sense of pride in one's country |
| caesar | an ancient Roman emperor |
| emperor | the ruler of an empire |
| gladiator | in ancient Rome, a professional fighter |
| catacomb | an underground room used as a burial site |
| synagogue | a Jewish place of worship |
| disciple | one of a small group of people who followed Jesus |
| persecute | to punish |
| auction | to sell something to the highest bidder |
| pope | the leader of the Roman Catholic Church |
| pillage | to rob |
| vandal | a person who destroys property |