| A | B |
|---|
| mineral | a naturally occuring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and crystal shape |
| crystal | a solid in which the atoms of molecules are arranged in a definite patteren that is repeated over and over again |
| luster | the way a mineral reflects light from its surface |
| hardness | the ability of a mineral to resist being scratched |
| streak | the color of the powder left by a mineral when it is rubbed against a hard, rough surface |
| density | the amount of matter in a given spece; the mass per unit volume |
| cleavage | the tendancy of a mineral to break along smooth definite surfaces |
| fracture | in minerals, the way a mineral that does not leave cleave breaks along a rough or jagged surface |
| ore | a mineral or rock from which metals and nonmetals can be removed in usable amounts |
| metal | an element that is shiny, conducts electricity and heat, and is easily shaped |
| nonmetal | an element that has a dull surface, is a poor conductor of electricity and heat, and is not easily shaped |
| gemstone | a hard, beautiful, durable substance that can be cut and polished for jewelry and decoration |
| rock | a hard substance composed of one or more minerals or minerallike substances |
| igneous | formed from molten rock |
| sedimentary | formed by the compacting and cementing of sediments of by other non-igneous processes at the Earth's surface |
| sediment | particles of rock or organic materials that have been carried along and deposited by water and/or wind |
| metamorphic | changed in form as a result of chemical reactions, heat, and/or pressure |
| rock cycle | the interrelated process that cause the continuous changing of rocks from one kind to annother |
| extrusive rock | an igneous rock formed from lava and crystallized at the surface of the Earth |
| intrusive rock | an igneous rock formed by magma |
| clastic rock | a sedimentary rock formed from previously existing rocks |
| organic rock | a sedimentary rock that is formed either directly or indirectly from material that was once alive |
| chemical rock | a non-clastic sedimentary rock formed by inorganic processes such as evaporation |
| metamorphism | the process in which metamorphic rock is formed |
