| A | B |
|---|
| Chordata | The Phylum containing all the animals with backbones and internal skeletons including the subphylum of vertebrates |
| Vertebrate Description | bilateral symmetry, endoskeleton, closed circulatory system, nervous system with complex brain and sense organs, efficient respiratory system |
| Agnantha | Class of fish having no jawas including lampreys and hagfish |
| Condrichthyes | Class of cartilaginous fish including sharks, rays, and skates |
| Condrichthyes Description | cold-blooded, skeleton of cartilage, teeth are modified scales, hinged jaw, uncovered gill slits, some have live birth |
| Oeichthyes | Class of bony fish (salmon, goldfish, tuna, etc) |
| Oeichthyes Description | cold blooded, skeleton of bone, hinged jaw with real teeth, closed gill slits, 2 chambered heart, swim bladder, lay eggs or give birth to live young |
| Amphibia | The class of vertebrates including frogs, toads, salamanders, and caecilians |
| Amphibia Description | cold blooded, thin moist skin, no scales or claws, 3 chambered heart, takes oxygen through skin or gills, must reproduce in the water, youth undergo metamorphosis from aquatic tadpoles to terrestrial 4 legged adults, can digest whole prey, have kidneys, brain is well developed and attached to a dorsal nerve cord, most adults ooze an unpleasant toxic substance through skin |
| Reptilia | Class of vertebrates including snakes, lizards, turtles, terrapins, crocodile, alligators |
| Reptile Description | dry body covered with scales, toes have claws, well developed lungs with alveoli, 3 chambered heart (except crocodile), internal fertilization, amniotic egg |
| Ectothermic | body temperature is determined by environment (cold-blooded) |
| Endothermic | body temperature holds at a constant level by organism (warm-blooded) |
| Oviparous | eggs hatch outside the body of the female |
| Oviviparous | female carries eggs inside the body until young hatch |
| Viviparous | the developing young is nourished inside the body of the female |
| Pits | sense organs located on pit-vipers (snake) to locate warm-blooded prey |
| Aves | The class of vertebrates characterized by animals with wings and feathers |
| Aves Description | body covered by feathers, bones have air spaces with cross struts making them strong and light, forelimbs function as wings, toothless beak, body temperature is internally regulated (warm-blooded), 4 chambered heart, high metabolism, increased lung capacity |
| Crop | stores food for processing by the gizzard |
| Gizzard | grinds the food |
| Syrinx | "song" box |
| Mammalia | The class of vertebrates that includes humans |
| Mammal Description | hair, nourishes young with milk, mammary glands, breathes air through lungs, 4 chambered heart, endothermic (warm-blooded) |
| Sweat Glands | release water for evaporative cooling to maintain homeostasis |
| Subcutaneous | beneath the skin, fat in mammals is located below the skin |
| Monotremes | mammals that lay eggs to reproduce (duck-billed platypus, spiny anteater or echidna) |
| Marsupial | mammals that bear young through live birth and have them finish developing in an external pouch (kangaroo, koala bear, opossum, wombat) |
| Placental Mammal | mammals that bear live young who develop fully in the womb inside a sack called the placenta (dogs, cats, mice, humans) |
| Echolocation | use of sound to navigate and find prey during flight (like radar) used by bats |
| Carnivore | eats meat |
| Herbivore | eats plants |
| Omnivore | eats meat and plants |
| Incisors | front teeth of rodents, continuously grow throughout life and are continuously ground down by use |
| Baleen | Seive in the mouth of whales that strains seawater to catch tiny shrimp and other animals |
| Primates | mammals with eyes in the front of their heads |
| Gestation Period | length of time that an embryo needs to fully develop in the placenta of a placental mamma |
| Uterus | location of the placenta in a female placental mammal |
