| A | B |
|---|
| Circulatory System | Closed system of blood vessels with 2, 3, or 4 chambered heart |
| Digestive System | Tube extending from mouth to anus and associated organs (intestines, stomach, etc) |
| Endocrine System | Glands |
| Excretory System | Pair of kidneys and associated tubes, skin, lungs, even gills |
| Immune System | Skin, mucous membranes, white blood cells, lymphocytes, natural killer cells, inflammatory resonse, antimicrobial proteins, antibodies, interferons |
| Integumentary System | Body coverings of skin, hair, scales, or feathers |
| Muscular System | Contractile tissue attached to bone or cartilage; some are part of internal organs |
| Nervous System | Spinal cord, nerves, brain, sense organs |
| Reproductive System | Male and female reproductive organs |
| Respiratory System | Gills or lungs and associated structures |
| Skeletal System | Endoskeleton of bone and/or cartilage |
| Circulatory Function | Carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body |
| Digestive Function | Prepares food for use by the animal's cells; removes solid wastes |
| Endocrine Function | Secretes chemicals that regulate body growth, reproduction, and development |
| Exocrine System | Salivary glands, mammary glands, tear ducts |
| Exocrine Function | Secretes liquid into ducts |
| Excretory Function | Removes cellular wastes from the body |
| Immune Function | Protects the body from intruders (pathogens) |
| Integumentary Function | Provides support and protection; also involved in excretion, respiration, and preception |
| Muscular Function | Together with the skeleton, enables animals to move; protects organs |
| Reproductive Function | Produces and carries eggs or sperm; allows for internal fertilization |
| Respiratory Function | Exchanges gases between the animal and its environment |
| Skeletal Function | Provides support and protection |
| Vaccination | injection of a weakened form of a virus or bacteria that causes the immune system to create antibodies that are specific for fighting that virus or bacteria |
| Pathogen | A foreign substance that enters the body |
| Cerebrum | Part of the brain responsible for learning and reasoning ability |
| Cerebellum | Part of the brain responsible for balance and movement |
| Medulla Oblangatta | Part of the brain responsible for automatic responses (breathing, blinking, heartbeat); also called the "brain stem" |
| Axon | extension of the neuron that carries signals away from the cell body |
| Dendrite | extension of a neuron that carries signals to the cell body |
| Cell body | Main section of a neuron containing the nucleus |
| Correct Blood Flow | From veins into left side of the heart, from left side of the heart into lungs, from lungs into right side of the heart, from upper right side of the heart out the main aorta |
| Incorrect Blood Flow | from bottom right chanmber to lungs, from lungs to upper right, from upper right to upper left, from lower left to rest of body |
| Alveoli | sacs in the lung where blood is oxygenated |
| Emphysema | A disease linked to smoking that causes mucuos in the alveoli and affects breathing ability |
| Arthritis | A painful joint condition caused by swelling and stiffness |
| Ulcers | A slow healing sore on the lining of a mucuous membrane particulaly the lining of the stomach |
| Diabetes | A disease where the body cannot regulate blood sugar because it does not produce insulin |
| Constipation | A condition where an animal or human has difficulty eliminating solid wastes |
| Tendon | Connection between muscle and bone |
| Ligament | Connection between bone and bone (at joints) |
| Asthma | A disease of the respiratory system (sometimes cause by an allergic reaction) producing tightness in the chest, coughing, and difficulty breathing |
| Diarrhea | Excessing and frequent evacuation of watery feces |
| White Blood Cell | Infection fighting (part of immune system) blood cells formed in the yellow bone marrow |
| Red Blood Cell | Oxygen carrying blood cells formed in the red bone marrow |
| Passive Immunity | Immunity to a disease (antibody) is given to your body (mother passes her immunity on to her baby) |
| Active Immunity | Immunity to a disease (antibody) is developed by your body as it fights off a disease |
| Antigen | An enzyme with a specific shape on the surface of a pathogen |
| T-Cell | Pathogen killing blood cell that gives instructions to a B cell on how to develop an antibody |
| B-Cell | Pathogen killing blood cell that creates the antibodies |
| Platelet | Part of the blood that causes clots |
| Phagocyte | A white bllod cell that surrounds a germ and destroys it |
| Histamine | An overreaction of the immune system to an antigen on pollen, dust, mold, and/or fur. |
| Immunity - First Line of Defense | Skin |
| Immunity - 2nd Line of Defense | Lymphocytes |
| Immunity - 3rd Line of Defense | T cells and B cells |
