| A | B |
|---|
| Emancipation Proclamation | freed slaves in rebelling states |
| 13th Amendment | banned slavery |
| New Deal | President Roosevelt's plan for the Great Depression |
| 14th Amendment | amendment to the US Constitution provided a broad definition of citizenship and promised people the rights of due process and equal protection under the law |
| 15th Amendment | amendment to the Constitution of the United States allowed male citizens of all colors to vote |
| Homestead Act | act of Congress that allowed people to pay a $10 registration fee, lay claim on a tract of land, and farm it until it became their own personal property |
| Transcontinental Railroad | First major railroad line that connected the east and west coasts of the US; it was completed in Utah in 1869 |
| Isolationism | The foreign policy of worrying about your own problems and not getting involved another country's problems to stay out of wars |
| 1st step of the cyclical effect of a bad economy | People stop spending money/ People don't buy products |
| 2nd step fo the cyclical effect of a bad economy | Demand goes down for products that make or go with original product |
| 3rd step of the cyclical effect of a bad economy | Businesses decrease/ downsize or close |
| 4th step of the cyclical effect of a bad economy | Businesses lower wages and/or fire employees |
| The area from Texas to North Dakota became known as the __________ during the Great Depression. | Dust Bowl |
| Places to try and get a meal during the Great Depression | Bread Lines and Soup Kitchens |
| Govt. financed construction projects | Public Works |
| The govt. directly giving people money or forms of money like food stamps | Relief |
| Deficit Spending | The govt. borrowing money from banks and foreign governments to pay for programs |
| Social Security | Program started to aid the retired created during the 2nd New Deal |
| Broker State | Legacy of the New Deal; the idea that role of govt. to work out conflicts between competing groups |
| Government Safety Net | Legacy of the New Deal; govt. provides relief programs to protect against economic disaster |
| Expanded govt. role & power in America | Legacy of the New Deal; When things get bad, we look to the govt. to fix our problems and crises for us |
| Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) | Provides deposit insurance to guarantee the safety of deposits in banks |
| Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) | Regulate the stock market & prevent corporate abuses |
| Civilian Conservation Corp. (CCC) | Provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local governments |
| Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) | Federally owned corporation to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development |
| 4 "Push" factors for immigration | Farm Poverty, Wars, Political Tyranny, & Religious Oppression |
| 4 "Pull" factors for immigation | Plenty of Land & Work, Higher Standard of Living, Democracy, & Opportunity for Social Advancement |
| Ellis Island | Place where immigrants from Europe were inspected & processed |
| Angel Island | Place where immigrants from Asia were inspected & processed |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | banned Chinese immigration for 10 years & stopped Chinese in U.S. from becoming citizens |
| Immigration laws in the late 1800s really restricted which group of people? | Chinese & people from other Asian countries |
| Manifest Destiny | idea that U.S. must expand its boundaries to the Pacific Ocean |
| Imperialism | economic, political, & military dominance of a strong nation over a weak nation |
| Social Darwinism | nations compete with each other (politics, economy, military) and the strongest survive |
| Anglo-Saxonism | English-speaking nations have superior character, ideas, & governments & they are destined to dominate the planet |
| Roosevelt Corollary | U.S. would maintain peace and stability in Central America by getting itself involved to solve problems and promote law and order |
| Natural Resources | Materials that come from nature |
| Labor Resources | work done by people |
| Capital Resources | Man-made materials that help businesses operate |
| Trade Union | unions for people w/ specific skills; usually make more money |
| Industrial Union | unions for all workers in a common profession |
| Laissez-Faire | economic policy where the people control everything and the government stays out of it |
| Populism | movement to increase the political power of farmers |
| Inflation | decrease in the value of money because too much money is available |
| Deflation | increase in the value of money because not enough money is available |
| Tariffs | Taxes on imported goods from other countries |
| Ways around the 15th amendment to deny black voting rights | 1. Poll taxes - have to pay to vote 2. Literacy Tests - reading tests 3. Have to own property to vote 4. Grandfather Clause - can vote if ancestor in 1867 voted |
| Segregation | separation of the races |
| Jim Crow Laws | laws that enforced the idea of segregation |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Supreme Court ruling that established segregation as legal as long as it was "separate but equal" |
| Progressivism | political movement that believed industrialization & urbanization created many social problems & govt. should be more active in dealing w/ the problems |
| Initiative | citizens introduce legislation and require legislature to vote on it |
| Referendum | proposed laws be submitted to the voters for approval |
| Recall | voters demand a special election to remove and elected official from office |
| 19th Amendment | Guaranteed women suffrage, the right to vote |
| Prohibition | Movement to ban the sale, manufacturing, & consumption of alcohol |
| 18th Amendment | passed in 1919; banned manufacturing & sale of alcohol |
| 21st Amendment | passed in 1933; repealed the 18th amendment |
| Federal Reserve Act | created under Pres. Wilson; created national bank system to regulate inflation & allow place for banks to keep portion of deposits |
| Great Migration | Over 500,000 African-Americans immigrated from South to northern cities to fill jobs in factories; over 100,000 Mexican migrated to U.S. for jobs on farms & ranches |
| Espionage Act of 1917 | Created penalties & prison terms for anyone giving aid to the enemy |
| Sedition Act of 1918 | Any public opposition to the war became illegal |
| Treaty of Versailles | Treaty that ended WWI |
| League of Nations | World peacekeeping organization create by the Treaty of Versailles |
