| A | B |
|---|
| internal rhyme | rhyme that occurs within a line of poetry - see EA Poe's "The Raven" |
| end rhyme | rhyme of words at end of line in some pattern or rhyme scheme |
| approximate or near rhyme | stone, done or burn, barn or listens, distance (same as consonance!) |
| rhyme scheme | pattern of end rhymes in a stanzaic or fixed form poem. There is no rhyme scheme in blank or free verse |
| alliteration | general term for like consonant sounds that repeat within a line or throughout a poem |
| assonance | repeating vowel sounds within a line or throughout a poem |
| consonance | similar end consonant and vowel sounds within words/lines - same as near rhyme |
| onomatopoeia | word sounds like it is pronounced, zip, crash, flutter |
| feet of rhythm - iambic | u / (remark, suggest) |
| feet of rhythm - trochaic | / u (Taylor, symbol) |
| feet of rhythm - spondaic | / / (baseball) |
| dactylic | / u u (mannequin) |
| anapestic | u u / (understand) |
| numbers of feet when doing scansion - monometer | one foot of regular rhythn |
| dimeter - trimeter-tetrameter-pentameter | two-three-four-five feet of fixed rhythm |
| simile | The room was dark as night |
| metaphor | The ballpark was a tomb after the loss |
| symbol | something that stands for itself and something larger - flag stands for country and patriotism |
| personification | comparisons that animate inanimate objects |
| irony | unexpected or startling word or situation - last line of Robinson's "Richard Corey" |
| hyperbole | a figure of speech used to exaggerate for humor - if I eat this my rear end will be the size of New York state. |
| understatement | a figure of speech used to downplay something very meaningful or significant - To someone who has taken a terrible fall -- "you missed a step" |
| satire | A work that mocks society/attitudes - "Gulliver's Travels", "The Daily Show" |
| apostrophe | To address an object as though it were animate -- Dickinson's "Heart" |
| metonymy | to identify part of the object for the whole object - the thirty sails for thirty ships, the crown for the king |
| stanzaic verse | poetry divided into stanzas (couplet - cinquain) |
| continuous verse | poems with no discernible breaks |
| concrete poem | poem forms an image or laid out to follow meaning of words |
| fixed forms | poems that follow fixed rhythm and/or rhyme schemes |
| lyric | poems which expresses a strong emotion |
| elegy | poem about the dead |
| ode | poem in praise of some thing/one |
| narrative | poem that tells a story |
| ballad | ancient form of simple narrative, originally told through song |
| epic | long narrative in elevated style that contains a hero |
