| A | B |
|---|
| Empire | Group of many different lands under one ruler |
| The Sahara | Largest desert in the world |
| Hieroglyphics | Writing system developed by the Egyptians made out of hundreds of picture symbols |
| The Nile | The world's longest river flowing over 4000 miles |
| The Blue Nile | Mountains of eastern Africa |
| The White Nile | Marshes in Central America |
| Shadoof | Bucket attached to a long pole used by the Egyptians to lift water from the Nile to their crops |
| The Pharaoh | All-powerful ruler who guided Egypt's every activity |
| Artifact | Early weapon, tool, or other thing made by humans |
| Neolithic Age | Farming took place during this time |
| Stone Age | Early period of human history |
| Latitude and Longitude | Measured in degrees and minutes |
| Maps | Helpful tool that shows historians historians where events took place |
| Mesopotamia | Lay between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers |
| Paleolithic People | First people to use technology tools and methods to help humans perform tasks |
| Historians | People who study and write about human past |
| Cartographer | Someone who makes maps |
| Plateau | High flat landform |
| Land relief | Refers to differences in elevation |
| Dynasty | A line of rulers that passes power from father to son |
| Epic | A long poem that tells the story of a hero |
| Special-purpose map | Map that shows the main products made in each of the 50 states |
| Bronze | Mixture of copper and tin |
| Interrupted projection map | Map that makes it difficult to accurately calculate distances |
| Neolithic | Another name for Stone Age |
| Cataracts | Wild rapids formed by the boulders in the Nile |
| Isthmus | Example of it is Central America |
| Political Map | Map that shows cities or the boundaries of states and nations |
| Physical Map | Map that highlights Earth's natural features |
| Ramps | Were used to place the heavy stone blocks when building the pyramids |
| Ramses II | Egypt's last great pharaoh who ruled Egypt for 66 years |
| Artisans | Skilled workers who made metal products, cloth, or pottery |
| Intermediate Directions | The in-between points on a compass rose |
| Nineveh | Capital city of the Assyrian's Empire |
| Code of Laws | Babylonian King Hammurabi |
| Babylon | Center of the Chaldean empire |
| Chaldeans | Rebelled against the Assyrians |
| Re | Chief God of the Egyptians |
| Embalming | Egyptian's invention to prevent the pharaoh's body from decomposing |
| Papyrus | Used by the Egyptians for baskets and papermaking |
| Tribute | Forced payments sent to the pharaoh by conquered people |
| The Great Pyramid in Giza | Pyramid built for King Khufu |
| Nebuchadnezzar | The Hanging Garden in Babylon known as one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World |
| Hittites | Taught the Assyrians how to make iron stronger |
| Lower Egypt | Land around the Nile River delta |
| Asia | Largest continent in the world |
| Equator | Latitude line at 0 degrees |
| Prime Meridian | Longitude line at 0 degrees |
| Atlantic-Pacific-Indian-Arctic | Major oceans in the world |
| Map Key | Where the meanings of the colors and symbols on a map are displayed |
| Longitude Line | An imaginary line, or meridian, measuring distance east or west of the Prime Meridian |
| Latitude Line | An imaginary line, or parallel, measuring distance north or south of the Equator |
| Mercator Projection Map | Map that shows land shape accurately |
| Prime Meridian | Line that runs through Greenwich, England |
| Robinson Map | The projection Map which most geographers use today |
| Cuneiform | Sumerian writing system |
| Ziggurat | Temple built by the Summerians to honor their chief god |
| The wheel | Was invented by the Sumerians |
| Movement | The theme of geography that describes how people, good and ideas get from place to place |
| Hatshepsut | A woman pharaoh who concentrated on building the Egyptian economy |
| Relative location | Saying that New Orleans lies on the Mississippi River |
| Globes | Can accurately show size and shapes of land masses and bodies of water |
