| A | B |
| Newton | Discovery explained motion and gravity. |
| Galileo | Used a telescope to observe what the moon is made of. |
| Vasco da Gama | Opened trade with India. |
| William Harvey | Found that blood is recycled through the heart. |
| Copernicus | Thought the earth and other planets revolve around the sun. |
| Vesalius | Dissected human bodies, providing developments in anatomy. |
| Columbus | Wanted to find a shorter route to Asia, thought he did. |
| Magellan | His crew was the first to sail around the earth. |
| Cortes | Took over the Aztec civilization. |
| Pizarro | Conquered the Inca empire, allowing Spain to become the richest nation. |
| Balboa | Found the Pacific Ocean. |