| A | B |
|---|
| colony | a settlement ruled by prople from another land |
| navigator | a person who plans the direction of a ship |
| compass | an instrument that shows direction |
| geography | the study of climates and landforms |
| astronomy | the study of stars and planets |
| sagas | legends and stories about heroic deeds told by the vikings |
| expedition | a journey made for a particular purpose |
| Renaissance | period of cultural and artistic growth that spread throughout Europe in the 1400's and 1500's |
| port | a harbor where ships dock to load and unload cargo |
| circumnavigate | to go completely around the world especially by water |
| conquistador | Spanish conqueror of the new world in the 1500's |
| mission | a settlement built by a church from which people teach their religion to others |
| Prince Henry of Portugal | he set up a school for navigators |
| Bartholomeu Dias | the first explorer to sail around the southern tip of Africa |
| Vasco de Gama | sailed around the southern tip of Africa to India (in Asia) |
| Leif Ericson | wanted to find wood for viking settlements; also the 1st European to set foot on North America |
| Marco Polo | he found gold and precious jewels in China |
| Christopher Columbus | an explorer who wanted to sail to Asia but ended up in San Salvador |
| Ferdinand Magellan | the first explorer to sail around the world |
| Juan Ponce de Leon | discovered Florida when searching for the fountain of youth |
| King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella | gave Christopher Columbus money to pay for his voyage (they were Spanish) |
| gulf | part of a body of water that extends into a shoreline; larger and deeper than a bay |
| coast | land along a sea or and ocean |
| peninsula | body of land jutting into a lake or ocean surrounded on 3 sides by water |
| plain | area of level land, low elevation and covered with grasses |
| river | large natural stream or water that flows through land |
| valley | low land between hills or mountains |
| plateau | area of flat or rolling land at high elevations |
| island | a piece of land completely surrounded by water |
| cape | point of land that extends into a river, lake or ocean |
| lake | a body of water that is completely surrounded by land |
| bay | part of a large body of water that extends into a shoreline |
| mountain | land with steep sides that rise sharply from the surrounding land |
| canyon | a deep narrow valley with steep walls |
