| A | B |
|---|
| Patronage | Giving jobs to loyal supporters |
| Civil Service | All federal jobs except elected officials and the armed forces |
| Spoils System | This was created by Andrew Jackson as a reward for loyal service |
| Civil Service Commission | Responsible for filling jobs in the federal government |
| Interstate Commerce Act | Law which forbids unfair practices such as pools and rebates |
| Interstate Commerce Commission | Was created to oversee the railroad industry |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | Prohibits trusts or other businesses from limiting competition |
| William Tweed | Political boss who cheated New York out of 100 million dollars |
| Poltical Bosses | Men who ruled ruled cities in the late 1800s |
| Thomas Nast | He exposed Boss Tweed by drawing political cartoons of Tweed as a vulture |
| Good Government Leagues | Their goal was to replace corrupt officials with honest ones |
| Muckrakers | Crusading journalists who exposed corruption to the public |
| Lincoln Steffens | Wrote The Shame of the Cities a story about corrupt city governments |
| Ida Tarbell | She exposed the Standard Oil Company is a series of articles |
| Upton Sinclair | He exposed the meat packing industry with his novel The Jungle |
| Progressives | People who were forward-thinking in their ideas on how to improve American life |
| Public Interest | The good of the people |
| Robert La Follette | Governor of Wisconsin who introduced a new program called "The Wisconsin Idea" |
| Primary | Voters choose their party's candidate from among several people |
| Initiative | Gave voters the right to put a bill directly before the state legislature |
| Referendum | Gave voters the power to make a bill become law |
| Recall | Allowed voters to remove an elected official |
| Sixteenth Amendment | Gave Congress the power to impose an income tax |
| Seventeenth Amendment | Allowed voters to directly elect senators |
| William McKinley | He was assassinated in September of 1901 |
| The Northern Securities Case | Marked the first time the Sherman Antitrust Act was used against a trust instead of labor |
| Trustbuster | nickname given to presidents who wanted to destroy trusts |
| Theodore Roosevelt | Believed in more government regulation |
| Laissez-faire | Little or no government regulation in business |
| Square Deal | Roosevelt's promise to Americans for an equal opportunity |
| Elkins Act | Outlawed rebates in 1903 |
| Hepburn Act | Gave the ICC greater power, including the right to set railroad rates |
| Meat Inspection Act | This forced packers to open thier doors to inspectors in 1906 |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | Required all food and drug makers to list the ingredients on their packages |
| Conservation | The protection of the natural resources |
| William Howard Taft | Roosevelt supported him as President in 1908 |
| Bull Moose Party | Roosevelt and the Progressives created this new party in 1912 |
| Woodrow Wilson | Became president in 1912 because Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican vote |
| New Freedom | Woodrow Wilson's plan to restore competition |
| Federal Reserve Act | Regulated banking in 1913 |
| Federal Trade Commission | Had the power to investigate companies and order them to stop using unfair business practices |
| Clayton Antitrust Act | Banned some business practices that limited competition in 1914 |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony | Founded the National Woman Suffrage Association |
| Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Idaho | Granted women's suffrage in the late 1800's |
| Suffragists | People who campaigned for women's right to vote |
| Alice Paul | Went on a hunger strike after being arrested for protesting outside the White House |
| Nineteenth Amendment | Granted women the right to vote in 1920 |
| Temperance Movement | A movement to ban the sale and consumption of alcohol |
| Women's Christian Temperance Union | A group founded in 1874 to educate people on the evils of alcohol |
| Frances Willard | Leader of the Women's Christian Temperance Union |
| Carry Nation | Used her hatchet to destroy bars and taverns |
| Eighteenth Amendment | Banned the sale of alcohol in 1919 |
| Booker T. Washington | Founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama |
| Booker T. Washington | He wanted African Americans to learn a trade and earn money first and then insist on political and social equality |
| W.E.B. DuBois | Did not believe that racial and social harmony could exist between blacks and whites |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | Was a founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People |
| George Washington Carver | He experimented with peanuts and created peanut butter |
| Madame C.J. Walker | Was the first woman black or white to earn over one million dollars |
| Gentlemen's Agreement | An agreement that limited the number of Japanese that came into the United States |
| Barrios | A Mexican neighborhood that preserved their culture and language |
