| A | B |
|---|
| John Cabot | Italian explorer who sailed for England; believed he could reach Asia by sailing across Atlantic; reached present-day Canada and found rich fishing area |
| Quebec | First permanent French settlement in North America; founded by Samuel de Champlain as a fur-trading post |
| Massachusetts Bay Colony | settled by Puritans in 1630; settlements in Salem and Boston; very successful |
| Henry Hudson | English sea captain who sailed for both the Dutch and the English; claimed the Hudson River area for the Netherlands; sought Northwest Passage for English but discovered Hudson Bay |
| New Netherland | Colony estalished by the Netherlands (Dutch) in 1626 in present-day New York; taken over by the English in 1664 |
| Francis Drake | English sea captain; commanded the English fleet in fight against the Spanish Armada; sailed around the world for the English |
| Queen Elizabeth | Ruled England at the time of the fight with the Spanish Armada; sent out explorers to find new trade routes |
| King Philip II | ruled Spain at the time of the fight between the Spanish Armada and English fleet; sent explorers to start colonies in Americas to not only find riches but spread Roman Catholicism |
| Northwest Passage | Sea (water) route through North American continent; sought by French, English, and Dutch explorers |
| John White | Founded a settlement at Roanoke in North Carolina; went back to England for supplies and arrived back at Roanoke to find that the settlers had disappeared |
| Roanoke | First attempt at an English settlement in North America; known as "Lost Colony" when settlers disappeared after 1587 attempt |
| Jamestown | First successful English settlement in North America; settled in 1607; settlers searched for gold and silver but were unsuccessful; tobacco became important cash crop |
