| A | B |
|---|
| Passive Transport | when substances move across a membrane from high concentration to low concentration, does not require energy |
| Simple Diffusion | form of passive transport when substances cross directly through the lipid bilayer |
| Facilitated Diffusion | form of passive transport when substances pass through proteins in the cell membrane without using energy |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water through channel proteins in the cell membrane |
| Hypotonic Solution | "lower concentration" water rushes into the cell, causing it to burst |
| Hypertonic Solution | "higher concentration" water rushes out of the cell, causing it to shrink |
| Isotonic Solution | "same concentration" water moves in and out of cell at an equal rate |
| Active Transport | when substances are forced across a membrane from low concentration to high concentration, require energy |
| Protein Pumps | Proteins in the membrane that require ATP to force substances across the cell membrane |
| Endocytosis | "into cell" when large substances cross the cell membrane in vesicles |
| Exocytosis | "out cell" when large contents are released from the cell by vesicles |
| Vesicles | pouches of phospholipid formed from cell membrane |
