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Rocks and Minerals Vocabulary

vocabulary dealing with elements compounds mixtures, minerals rocks, changes in rocks

AB
matteranything that takes up space and has mass
atomsmallest part of an element with all the properties of that element; building blocks of matter
moleculetwo or more atoms held together by a chemical force
compoundchemical substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together
mixturetwo or more substances physically combined
chemical formulacombination of chemical symbols used to represent compounds
mineralnaturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a definite chemical composition and crystal shape
inorganicnot formed from living things or the remains of living things
crystalsolid in which the atoms or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern that is repeated over and over
lusterthe way that a mineral reflects light from its surface
hardnessability of a mineral to resist being scratched
streakcolor of the powder left by a mineral when it is rubbed against a hard surface
densitymass per unit volume of a substance
cleavagetendancy of a mineral to break along smooth, definite surfaces
fracturethe way a mineral does not cleave breaks along a rough or jagged surface
oremineral or rock from which useful metals or nonmetals can be removed
metalelement that is shiny, conducts electricity and heat and is easily shaped
nonmetalelement that has a dull surface, is a poor conductor of electricity and heat, and is not easily shaped
gemstonehard, beautiful, durable substance that can be cut and polished for jewelry and decoration
rockhard substance composed of one or more minerals
igneousrock formed from molten lava
sedimentaryrock made by compacting and cementing of sediments
sedimentparticles of rock, shell, and other material that have been carried by wind, water or glaciers
metamorphicrock changed in form because of heat, chemical reactions, or pressure
rock cycleprocesses that causes rocks to change from one kind to another
extrusive rockigneous rock fromed from lava that cools on the Earth's surface
intrusive rockigneous rock that formed from magma that cools inside (beneath) the Earth's surface
clastic rocksedimentary rock formed from fragments of previously existing rocks
organic rocksedimentary rock that is formed either directly or indirectly from material that was once alive
chemical rocknon-clastic sedimentary rock forned by inorganic processes such as evaporation
mteamorphismprocess by which metamorphic rocks are formed


Dean of Science/Medical Assisting Instructor
Queen's Grant High School/CPCC

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