| A | B |
|---|
| aden/o | gland |
| adren/o, adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
| andr/o | male |
| crin/o | to secrete |
| dips/o | thirst |
| gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o | glucose |
| hormon/o | hormone |
| ket/o, keton/o | ketone bodies |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| thym/o | thymus gland |
| thyr/o, thyroid/o | thyroid gland |
| adrenal glands, suprarenal glands | located on the superior surface of each kidney; the adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones, and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| steriod hormones | hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex |
| glucocorticoids | regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have antiinflammatory effects; cortisol is the most significant glucocorticoid |
| mineral corticosteroids | maintain salt and water balance |
| androgens | influence development and maintenance of male sex caharacteristics, for ex., facial hair, deep voice |
| catecholamines | hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress response |
| epinephrine,adrenaline, norephinepherine | secreted in response to fear or physical injury |
| ovaries | located on both sides of the uterus in the female pelvis; secrete estrogen and progesterone |
| estrogen | responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics |
| progesterone | regulates uterine conditions during pregnancy |
| ilset of Langerhans of the pancreas | endocrine tissue within the pancreas; secretes insulin and glucagon |
| insulin | a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islet of langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose |
| glucagon | a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans that serves to regulate carbohydrate metabolism by raising blood sugar |
| parathyroid glands | two paired glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck; secrete parathyroid hormone |
| parathyroid hormone (PTH) | regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism |
| pineal gland | located in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin and serotonin |
| melatonin | exact function unknown; affects the onset of puberty |
| serotonin | a neurotransmitter that serves as the precursor to melatonin |
| pituitary gland | located at the base of the brain; considered the master gland as it secretes hormones that regulate the function of other glands, such a the thyroid gland, adrenal glands etc. |
| anterior pituitary, adenohypophysis | anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | stimulates secretion from thyroid gland |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | stimulates secretion from adrenal cortex |
| follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | initiates the growth of ovarian follicle; stimulates the secretion of estrogen in females and the production of sperm in males |
| luteinizing hormone (LH) | causes ovulation; stimulates the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum; causes the secretion of testosterone in the testes |
| melanocyte-stimulatin hormone (MSH) | AFFECTS SKIN PIGMENTATION |
| growth hormone (GH) | influences growth |
| prolactin; lactogenic hormone | stimulates breast development and milk production during pregnancy |
| posterior pituitary; neurhypophysis | posterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| (ADH) antidiuretic hormone | influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules |
| oxytocin | influences uterine contraction |
| testes; testosterone | located on both sides within the scrotum in the male; secrete testosterone; affects m |
